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Public Health Exam 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| social systems | societal influences, norms, and interactions between people and institutions that shape individual health choices |
| BIG GEMS | behavior, infection, genetics, geography, environment, medical care, socioeconomic-cultural |
| downstream intervention | health interventions focused at individual level, aiming to change personal behavior after negative health outcome |
| mainstream intervention | health interventions focused on changing policies and conditions at subpopulation level |
| upstream intervention | health interventions focused on mass-level societal changes |
| theory | evidence-based view used to explain health events |
| model | structured application of theory used to execute behavioral change |
| stages of change model | intrapersonal model mapping behavioral change (pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance) |
| pre-contemplation | initial stage of stages of change model where individual is unaware of problem |
| relapse | follows action stage where individual falls into old habit but with new knowledge of triggers |
| health belief model | intrapersonal behavior model requiring individual to feel susceptible to risk and believe intervention will work |
| invincibility complex | common in youth and young adults where individual feel immune to harm and engage in risky behaviors |
| acceptability and convenience | health intervention must be easy to adopt to successfully change behavior |
| social marketing | population-level public health strategy using commercial marketing to influence societal health behaviors |
| 4 P's of social marketing | product (behavior), price (effort/cost), place (time/space), promotion (marketing medium) |
| clinical ethics | focus on patient involving autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice |
| public health ethics | focus on populations emphasizing justice and balance between rights and safety |
| institutional review board (IRB) | approves and oversees human research studies to ensure informed consent and prevent unethical harm |
| informed consent | participants must be educated on protocols, risks, and purpose |
| SafeServ/health inspections | policies and certifications required to safely serve food to public to prevent cross-contamination and liability |
| negative constitution | indicates any rights not explicitly written in Constitution are left to the states |
| healthcare as a right | WHO views it as universal human right but the Constitution doesn't legally guarantee it |
Created by:
hlr2326