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Chapter 6 RM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Indenpendent Variable | one factor that YOU change |
| Dependent Variable | factor you measure in response to change |
| Controlled Variable | Factors you had constant |
| Confunding | hidden variables that might affect results |
| Internal Validity | observed differences on the dependent variable between experimental and control conditions are due to the independent variable and not some other unintended variable |
| Extraneuous Varaibles | any variables that exists within a study other than types of materials used, kighting, levels, noise |
| Experiemental | manipulates independent variable measures effects on dependent variable |
| Quasi- experimental | compares 2 groups, no random assignment |
| Non experimental | observes and describes variables, no manipulation |
| Correlation | examines relationship between two variables |
| Treates to Internal Validity | Alternative explantaions to explain a relationship between two variables |
| Confunding variables | extraneous variable that changes systematically with the two variables being studied |
| Assignment Bias | Not a sampling bias- participants in once condition have characteristics that are noticebly diffrent from particapnts in the other conditon if not controlled these variable may "explain away" whatever difrences are found in the study |
| Mortality/Attrition | Common to lose subject as a study progresses limits generalizability and can introduce bias |
| Environment | where data is collected many create a different results or explanations |
| Instrumentation | changes in the way instuments are used during a study |
| Testing | when changes in scores are due to "practice" |
| History | Where an outside event occurs during the course of the study and affects one condition but not the other, outside events influence partipnts differentialy in one treatment than in other |
| Maturation | Results are due to the passing of time rahter than the IV. A thereat in studies using per/post data for the intervention group or in studies that span a number of years |
| Experimenter Bias/ Expectancy | when the experimenters beleif or expectations regarding the outcome of the study, inluence the results of the study occur by presenting certain cues, not recording accurately. possible solutions- blind procedures, reliability |
| Attitude of participants | way of participants view a study and their participation may perfom better based upon feeling or receiving specail attention, demand characteristics, possible solutions- blind, deceptions- both groups with comparable treatments |
| Regression | when change is studied in a group that has extreme low or high performance in the pre intervention stage. When extreme scores on one measurement, less extreme the next measurement possible solution- use an equivalent control/ comparison group |
| How to Minimize threats to interval validity | general control procudures, preparation of the ssetting, response measurement, replication, using objective measures, multiple observers, use deception, control through partipant assignment, control through experiment stratey |
Created by:
gbills16