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History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Natural rights- John Locke | a. life b. liberty c. property |
| State of Nature - Thomas Hobbes | Life before government (in the state of nature) was “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.” |
| Why do empires exist? | 1. Access to resources a. Cotton b. Tobacco c. Timber 2. Wealth - access to markets to sell goods |
| Why are people settling in America? | Religious freedom Puritans Quakers Economic opportunity |
| Early settlements | Spanish - St. Augustine, FL (1565) English - Jamestown, VA (1607) French - Quebec, CA (1608) Dutch - New Amsterdam/New York (1626) |
| History of some American ideals | Rule of law (no one, not even the King, is above the law) 1619 - Jamestown, VA Sets up the House of Burgesses (Representative Government) 1620 - Mayflower Compact Self-government (pilgrims make laws for the general good of the colony) |
| French & Indian War (1756-1763) | Causes: Control of the Ohio River Valley Sides: British & Iroquois v. French & Algonquins and Hurons Highlights: 1754 - Washington surrenders Ft. Necessity 1759 - British capture Quebec Decisive victory for North American front in the war |
| The treaty of Paris - 1763 | Britain gains Canada, all land French land west of the Mississippi, and Florida France is no longer a power in N. America |
| pros of the treaty of paris | Further settlement possible Growth of consumer economy Farmers sell to Europe to feed their armies = big profits = buy luxury goods. |
| Cons of the treaty of paris | British soldiers arrive to guard against fights with Natives Taxation introduced to pay war debts and support British soldiers in North America |
| New Taxes | 1764 Sugar Act: technically lowered the tax on molasses, but made it harder to avoid paying it 1765 Stamp Act: taxed legal documents, newspapers, almanacs, playing cards Royal “stamp” showed proof the tax had been paid |
| Violent responses to new taxes | Riots Tar & feathering |
| Non violent responses to the new taxes | 1765 Stamp Act Congress Petition ignored Boycotts Led to repeal of the Stamp Act in 1766 |
| 1765 Quartering Act | Colonists forced to feed and house British soldiers |
| 1767 Townshend Acts | Taxed glass, paper, lead, pain, and TEA |
| cons of the Townshend act | Smuggling British use “writs of assistance” to search colonists’ homes and ships without a valid cause/reason. Sons of Liberty & Daughters of Liberty organize protests Boycotts Encouraging the colonists to make their own substitutes |
| 1770 Boston Massacre | March 5, 1770, British soldiers fire into a crowd of angry and violent protestors |
| True or false The Boston tea party was an act of civil disobedience? | True. |
| What was the new quartering act for? | to punish massachusetts basically it was a law passed by the British Parliament that forced American colonists to provide housing, food, and supplies to British soldiers. |
| what was created to punish massachusetts? | the coercive/intolerable acts |
| What did closing the Boston harbor lead to? | It lead to economic ruin for the colonists |
| true or false there 3 town meetings allowed per year during the intolerable acts? | false there was only one town meeting allowed per year |
| where were the British soldiers accused of crime allowed to be trialed? | in the United kingdom and canada |
| What is a militia | a volunteer, localized, amateur group of soldiers who protect a community |
| what are minutemen | Elite militia who are ready to respond at a minute’s notice |
| What happened on April 19, 1775? | The British marched from Boston to Concord to take the colonists weapon supply |
| what did Paul revere say to warn the colonists that the British were coming? | "The Regulars are Coming!" |
| Who fired first the British or the militia during the battle of Lexington and Concord? | The militia |
| What did Ralph Waldo Emerson say that indicated the first shot of the battle? | The shot heard around the world Which started the revolutionary war |
| What was the Olive Branch Pettiton for? | It used as an attempt to stop the war. They also requested the repeal of the intolerable acts. |
| What was King George lll reaction to the Olive Branch Pettiton? | He rejected them and sent 20,000 soldiers to the colonies |
| What happened in April 1775 | The colonists are besieged by the British aka they were blocked from going overseas |
| When did Ethan Allen Capture Fort Ticonderoga | May, 1775 he also captures cannons that the Americans can use in Boston |
| what happened on June, 1775 | 2nd Continental Congress creates Continental Army and appoints George Washington to command it |
| What happened on June 17, 1775 | The battle of bunker hill |
| Who won the battle of bunker hill | The British won but it was Pyrrhic Victory for the British (They capture the hill, but at a very high cost) |
| What were the casualties of both the British and the colonists | British casualties - 1,000 American casualties - 400 |
| When did this happen: the British evacuated Boston the British sent Royal Navy to blockade US coast The British Hire German mercenaries to fight | March 1776 |
| What was the Strategy of Attrition? | The continual weakening of the enemy over a prolonged period of time. Americans fought on the defensive and the goal was to replicate the battle of bunker hill |
| What happened on August 27, 1776? | The Battle of Brooklyn Heights The Americans were defeated The British captured New York City |
| What were the problems of December 1776 | American morale was low (too many defeats) Enlistments were about to expire |
| What were the solutions to the problems of December 1776? | Washington attacks and defeats the Hessians (Germans) at Trenton December 25, 1776 Washington scores another victory at Princeton (January, 1777) Which saves Washingtons army by getting more people to enlist in the army |
| What happens in September? | Battle of Brandywine American defeat British occupy Philadelphia (US Capitol) |
| What happened in October? | The Battle of Saratoga Horatio Gates (USA) captures the British army of John Burgoyne The French join the war on the patriots side The British Evacuate Philly |
| What happened in the Winter 1777-1778 | Baron Friedrich von Steuben (Prussian) trains the US army. Also establishes disease prevention measures Establishing clean water system |
Created by:
Salma1234