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MT Chapter 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adenoid/o | adenoid |
| tonsill/o | tonsil |
| nas/o, rhin/o | nose |
| laryng/o | larynx (voice box) |
| pharyng/o | pharynx (throat) |
| trache/o | trachea (windpipe) |
| sept/o | septum |
| sin/o, sinus/o | sinus |
| pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o | air or lungs |
| pulmon/o | lungs |
| lob/o | lobe |
| bronch/o, bronchi/o | bronchus |
| bronchiol/o | brocnchiole |
| alveol/o | alveous (air sac) |
| stern/o | sternum |
| cost/o | rib |
| thorac/o, pector/o, steth/o | chest |
| pleur/o | pleura |
| phren/o | diaphragm |
| ox/o | oxygen |
| spir/o, -pnea | breathing |
| capn/o, carb/o | carbon dioxide |
| apnea | cessation of breathing |
| eupnea | good/normal breathing |
| trachypnea | rapid breathing |
| bradypnea | slow breathing |
| hypopnea | shallow breathing |
| hyperpnea | heavy breathing |
| dyspnea | difficulty breathing |
| orthopnea | able to breathe only in an upright position |
| hyperventilation | overbreathing; the condition of having too much air flowing into and out of the lungs; leads to hypocapnia |
| dysphonia | bad voice condition (also known as hoarseness) |
| epistaxis | nosebleed |
| rhinorrhagia | excessive blood flow from the nose (another term for nosebleed) |
| rhinorrhea | runny nose |
| bronchospasm | involuntary contraction of the bronchus |
| phrenospasm | involuntary spasm of the diaphragm (also known as the hiccups) |
| pleuralgia, pleurodynia | pain in the pleura |
| thoracalgia | chest pain |
| bronchorrhea | discharge from the bronchi |
| expectoration | couching or spitting material out of the lungs |
| hemoptysis | coughing up blood |
| sputum | mucus discharged from the lungs by coughing |
| auscultation | a health care professional using a stethoscope to listen to a patient's chest |
| cyanosis | a bluish color in the skin caused by insufficient oxygen |
| pectoriloquy | speaking from the chest; used as a means of finding masses in the lung. A health professional listening to a patient's chest asks the patient to whisper a word. The word will be audible in areas where fluid or a mass is present |
| pectus carinatum | a chest that protrudes like the keel of a ship |
| pectus excavatum | a chest that is hollowed out |
| percussion | striking the body surface (in this case, to cause vibrations that can help locate fluid buildup in the chest) |
| retraction | the sucking on of the skin around bones during inhalation, happens when someone is in respiratory distress |
| atelectasis | incomplete expansion |
| bronchiectasis | expansion of the bronchi |
| caseous necrosis | the death of tissue with a cheeselike appearance |
| chylothorax | chyle (milky bodily fluid formed in the small intestine during digestion of fatty foods) in the chest |
| empyema | pus in the chest |
| phrenoplegia | paralysis of the diaphragm |
| phrenoptosis | drooping of the diaphragm |
| hemothorax | blood in the chest |
| pleural effusion | fluid pouring out into the pleura |
| pneumohemothorax | air and blood in the chest |
| pneumothorax | air in the chest |
| pulmonary edema | swelling in the lungs |
| pyothorax | pus in the chest |
| tracheostenosis | narrowing of the trachea |
| hypercapnia, hypercarbia | excessive carbon dioxide |
| hypocapnia, hypocarbia | insufficient carbon dioxide |
| hypoxemia | insufficient oxygen in the blood |
| hypoxia | insufficient oxygen |
| computed tomography | an imaging procedure using a computer to cut |
| pulmonary angiography | an imaging procedure for recording pulmonary blood vessel activity |
| venitlation-perfusion scan (VQ scan) | a scan that tests whether a problem in the lungs is caused by airflow (ventilation) or blood flow (perfusion) |
| bronchoscopy | procedure to look inside the brochi |
| capnography | procedure to record carbon dioxide levels |
| capnometer | instrument to measure carbon dioxide levels |
| endoscope | instrument to look inside |
| nasopharyngoscope | an instrument to look at the nose and throat |
| oximetry | procedure to measure oxygen levels |
| polysomnography | recording multiple aspects of sleep |
| pulmonary function testing (PFT) | a group of tests used to evaluate the condition and operation of the lungs) |
| spirometry | procedure to measure breathing |
| thorascopy | examination of the chest |
| laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx |
| laryngotracheobronchitis | inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi |
| rhinitis | inflammation of the nasal passages |
| sinusitis | inflammation of the sinus |
| pansinusitis | inflammation of all sinuses |
| sleep apnea | a condition where the patient ceases to breathe while asleep |
| tonsillitis | inflammation of the tonsils |
| tracheitis | inflammation of the trachea |
| tracehomalacia | softening of the trachea |
| asthma | a disease causing episodic narrowing and inflammation of the airway |
| bronchiolitis | inflammation of the bronchiole |
| bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi |
| chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD) | a group of lung diseases characterized by the continual blockage of lung passages |
| cystic fibrosis | a disease causing thick mucus buildup in the lungs and pancreas, named after the changes it causes to the lungs |
| diaphragmatocele | hernia of the diaphragm |
| emphysema | a disease that causes the alveoli to loose elasticity; emphysema patients can inhale but have difficulty exhaling |
| obstructive lung disorder | a lung disorder caused by a blockage |
| pleuritis | inflammation of the pleura |
| pleurisy | another word for pleuritis |
| pneumatocele | hernia of the lung |
| pneumoconiosis | a lung condition caused by dust |
| pneumonia | a lung condition |
| pulmonary embolism | a blockage in the pulmonary blood supply |
| pulmonary neoplasm | new growth (tumor) in the lung |
| restrictive lung disorder | a lung disorder caused by the limiting of air into the lungs |
| bronchiogenic carcinoma | a cancerous tumor originating in the bronchi |
| mesothelioma | a cancerous tumor of the mesothelial cells lining the lungs |
| antitussive | a drug that prevents coughing |
| bronchodilator | a drug that expands the walls of the bronchi |
| expectorant | a drug that encourages the expulsion of material from the lungs |
| mucolytic | a drug that aids in the breakdown of mucus |
| nebulizer | a machine that administers respiratory medication by creating a "cloud" or mist that is inhaled by the patient |
| adenoidectomy | removal of the adenoids |
| intubate | to insert a breathing tube from the mouth down into the trachea, to provide breathing support |
| laryngectomy | removal of the larynx |
| laryngoplasty | reconstruction of the larynx |
| palatoplasty | reconstruction of a palate |
| septoplasty | reconstruction of a septum |
| tonsillectomy | removal of the tonsils |
| tracheostomy | creation of an opening in the trachea |
| tracheotomy | incision into the trachea |
| endotracheal intubation | insertion of a tube inside the trachea |
| bronchoplasty | reconstruction of the bronchus |
| cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) | method of artificially maintaining blood flow and airflow when breathing and pulse have stopped |
| lobectomy | removal of a lobe |
| pleuropexy | reattachment of the pleura |
| pneumonectomy | removal of a lung |
| thoracentesis, thoracocentesis | puncture of the chest |
| thoracoplasty | reconstruction of the chest |
| thoracostomy | creation of an opening in the chest |
| throracotomy | incision into the chest |
| ABG | arterial blood gas (analysis of the gases in the blood to determine the effectiveness of the lungs in exchanging gases) |
| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| Bx | biopsy |
| CF | cystic fibrosis |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure |
| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitaiton |
| CT | computed tomography |
| CTA | clear to auscultation |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| DOE | dyspnea on exertion |
| ETT | endotracheal tube |
| LRTI | lower respiratory tract infection |
| LTB | laryngotracheobronchitis |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| OSA | obstructive sleep apnea |
| PE | pulmonary embolism |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| PFT | pulmonary function test |
| PSG | polysomnography |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| T&A | tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
| TB | tuberculosis |
| URI/URTI | upper respiratory infection, upper respiratory tract infection |
| V/Q | ventilation-perfusion scan |
Created by:
hkreider