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BDK Quiz 6

Pharmacologic CategoryGeneric NameBrand NameClassificationCommon IndicationsEssential Knowledge
Alpha2 agonist brimonidine (ophthalmic) Alphagan P, Lumify Lumify: OTC Elevated IOP Ocular redness Key Side Effects: ocular hypersensitivity, drowsiness, allergic conjunctivitis, conjunctival hyperemia, ocular pruritus Other Notes: CI with MAOI therapy
Non-selective beta-blocker timolol (ophthalmic) Timoptic, Timoptic XE, Istalol Elevated IOP Key Side Effects: blurred vision, ocular stinging and burning
Prostaglandin analog bimatoprost (ophthalmic) Lumigan, Latisse Elevated IOP, eyelash hypotrichosis Key Side Effects: eyelash growth, conjunctival hyperemia, ocular pruritus, iris color change, periocular hyperpigmentation, blurred vision
Prostaglandin analog latanoprost (ophthalmic) Xalatan, Xelpros, Iyuzeh Elevated IOP Key Side Effects: eyelash growth, conjunctival hyperemia, ocular pruritus, iris color change, periocular hyperpigmentation, blurred vision
Calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin (ophthalmic) Restasis Keratoconjunctivitis sicca Key Side Effects: ocular burning, stinging, pruritus, foreign body sensation, hypersensitivity reaction
Pediculocide permethrin (topical) Nix, Elimite Nix: OTC Lice, scabies Key Side Effects: itching, burning, redness, swelling of scalp
Retinoic acid derivative adapalene (topical) Differin Acne Key Side Effects: xeroderma, skin exfoliation, erythema, stinging, burning, pruritus
Antiseptic chlorhexidine (topical, PO) Hibiclens, Peridex Skin cleanser, periodontitis, gingivitis Key Side Effects: dysgeusia, increased tartar formation, mouth discoloration, mouth irritation
Corticosteroid clobetasol (topical) Temovate, Clobex Psoriasis, atopic dermatitis Key Side Effects: burning of skin, dryness of skin, hypopigmentation, secondary infection Other Notes: do not use for > 2 weeks because it may cause adrenal suppression
Expectorant guaifenesin (PO) Mucinex, Robitussin, Robafen OTC Cough Key Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, diarrhea, stomach pain
Antitussive dextromethorphan (PO) Delsym OTC Cough Key Side Effects: nausea, drowsiness, dizziness, constipation Other Notes: CI within 14 days of MAOI
Antitussive benzonatate (PO) Tessalon Perles Cough Key Side Effects: sedation, nasal congestion, chills, chest numbness, bronchospasm Other Notes: do not break capsule because it may cause choking
Alpha (α1) agonist pseudoephedrine (PO) Sudafed OTC Nasal congestion Key Side Effects: Increased blood pressure, tachycardia, palpitations, insomnia, restlessness Other notes: sold behind the counter, avoid during first trimester of pregnancy
Corticosteroid fluticasone (intranasal) Flonase OTC Allergic rhinitis Key Side Effects: nasal dryness, epistaxis, nasal burning, headache
Corticosteroid triamcinolone (intranasal) Nasacort OTC Allergic rhinitis Key Side Effects: nasal dryness, epistaxis, nasal burning, headache
Histamine (H1) blocker azelastine (intranasal) Astepro OTC Allergic rhinitis Key Side Effects: headache, nasal dryness, epistaxis, bitter taste, drowsiness
Histamine (H1) blocker diphenhydramine (PO, IV) Benadryl OTC Allergic rhinitis, allergic reaction, insomnia Key Side Effects: drowsiness, constipation, xerostomia, urinary retention, cognitive impairment Other Notes: for OTC use, do NOT use in children < 6 years of age
Histamine (H1) blocker hydroxyzine (PO, IV) Atarax, Vistaril Pruritus, nausea, anxiety Key Side Effects: dizziness, somnolence, xerostomia, blurred vision, QTc prolongation
Histamine (H1) blocker cetirizine (PO) Zyrtec OTC Allergic rhinitis Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, headache
Histamine (H1) blocker loratadine (PO) Claritin OTC Allergic rhinitis Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, headache
Histamine (H1) blocker fexofenadine (PO) Allegra OTC Allergic rhinitis Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, headache
Histamine (H1) blocker levocetirizine (PO) Xyzal OTC Allergic rhinitis Key Side Effects: diarrhea, drowsiness, headache
Histamine (H1) blocker olopatadine (ophthalmic) Pataday, Patanol OTC Allergic conjunctivitis Key Side Effects: ocular burning, discomfort, dryness
Histamine (H1) blocker and opioid analgesic promethazine and codeine (PO) Phenergan with Codeine CS-V Cough Key Side Effects: dizziness, somnolence, xerostomia, blurred vision, constipation, respiratory depression (dose-related) US Boxed Warning: concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants (including alcohol), may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death Other Notes: opioid-containing cough and cold products no longer indicated for use in patients <18 years of age
Opioid analgesic and expectorant codeine and guaifenesin (PO) Robitussin AC, Cheratussin AC CS-V Cough Key Side Effects: dizziness, somnolence, constipation, respiratory depression (dose-related) Other Notes: opioid-containing cough and cold products no longer indicated for use in patients <18 years of age
5 alpha-reductase inhibitor finasteride (PO) Proscar, Propecia BPH, male pattern baldness Key Side Effects: sexual dysfunction Other Notes: women who are of child-bearing age should not touch
Alpha1 blocker doxazosin (PO) Cardura, Cardura XL BPH, HTN Key Side Effects: dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (rare)
Alpha1a blocker tamsulosin (PO) Flomax BPH Key Side Effects: dizziness, ejaculation failure, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (rare) Other Notes: take 30 minutes after the same meal daily
Anticholinergic solifenacin (PO) Vesicare Overactive bladder Key Side Effects: xerostomia, constipation Other Notes: CI in uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma
Anticholinergic, urinary antispasmodic agent oxybutynin (PO, patch) PO: Ditropan XL, Patch: Oxytrol, Oxytrol for Women OTC Overactive bladder Key Side Effects: xerostomia, constipation, dizziness, drowsiness Other Notes: CI in uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma
Beta3 agonist mirabegron (PO) Myrbetriq Overactive bladder Key Side Effects: hypertension
Urinary analgesic phenazopyridine (PO) Pyridium, Azo Urinary Pain Relief OTC Symptomatic relief of dysuria Key Side Effects: stomach cramps, headache, dizziness Other Notes: may change bodily fluids red/orange
Electrolyte supplement magnesium sulfate (IV, IM) --- Hypomagnesemia, pre-eclampsia Key Side Effects: flushing, hypotension, cardiac arrest with rapid undiluted IV infusion Other Notes: dilute before infusion
Electrolyte supplement potassium chloride (PO, IV) PO: K-Tab, Klor-Con, Micro-K Hypokalemia Key Side Effects (IV): hyperkalemia, cardiac arrest with rapid undiluted infusion Key Side Effects (PO): hyperkalemia, abdominal discomfort/pain, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, vomiting Other Notes: dilute before infusion; do not administer IV push; vesicant; tablets with wax coating may appear in stool; take oral forms with meals and a full glass of water
Colloid albumin, 5% or 25% (IV) Albutein, AlbuRx Hypovolemia, SBP, paracentesis Key Side Effects: edema
Crystalloid 0.9% sodium chloride (IV) Normal saline Hypovolemia Key Side Effects: hypervolemia, non-anion gap metabolic acidosis
Crystalloid lactated ringers (IV) LR Hypovolemia Key Side Effects: hypervolemia
Crystalloid 5% dextrose in water (IV) D5W Carrier fluid, hypoglycemia, hypernatremia Key Side Effects: hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, hypervolemia
Phosphate binder Calcium acetate (PO) Calphron, Phoslo OTC Hyperphosphatemia Key Side Effects: hypercalcemia, nausea, vomiting, constipation Other notes: Each dose of 667mg contains 169mg of elemental calcium
Created by: Marquez35
 

 



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