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Science
Matter, Atomic Structure, and The Method
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space. |
| What is mass? | The amount of matter in something. |
| What is volume? | The amount of space something takes up. |
| What is density? | Mass per unit of volume. |
| What is a solid? | Has a definite shape and definite volume. |
| What is a liquid? | Has no definite shape but has a definite volume. |
| What is a gas? | Has no definite shape and no definite volume. |
| What is plasma? | Superheated matter in which electrons have been stripped from atoms. |
| What is evaporation? | Liquid → Gas. |
| What is condensation? | Gas → Liquid. |
| What is melting? | Solid → Liquid. |
| What is freezing? | Liquid → Solid. |
| What is sublimation? | Solid → Gas. |
| What is deposition? | Gas → Solid. |
| What is an element? | Matter made of atoms that are all the same. |
| What are elements the building blocks of? | All matter. |
| Where are elements represented? | On the periodic table. |
| What is an isotope? | A version of an element with a different number of neutrons. |
| What is a molecule? | A small group of atoms bonded together. |
| What can molecules consist of? | Two or more atoms, which can be the same or different elements. |
| What is a compound? | A substance made of two or more different elements chemically bonded. |
| What is a mixture? | Two or more substances physically combined, not chemically bonded. |
| What is all matter made of? | Atoms. |
| What are the three main parts of an atom? | Protons, neutrons, and electrons. |
| What charge does a proton have? | Positive (+). |
| What charge does a neutron have? | Neutral (0). |
| What charge does an electron have? | Negative (−). |
| Where are protons and neutrons located? | In the nucleus. |
| Where are electrons located? | In the electron cloud around the nucleus. |
| What is one property of atoms? | They are extremely small. |
| What is most of an atom? | Empty space. |
| Where is most of an atom's mass located? | In the nucleus. |
| What makes an atom electrically neutral? | It has equal numbers of protons and electrons. |
| What is an ion? | A charged atom. |
| What is a positive ion? | An atom that has lost an electron. |
| What is a negative ion? | An atom that has gained an electron. |
| What is ionic bonding? | Atoms transfer electrons to form a bond. |
| What is covalent bonding? | Atoms share electrons. |
| What is metallic bonding? | A bond between metal atoms where electrons can move freely. |
| What is the first step of the scientific method? | Identify the problem. |
| What is the second step of the scientific method? | Research/Data Gathering. |
| What is the third step of the scientific method? | Make a hypothesis. |
| What is a hypothesis? | An educated guess about the possible results. |
| What is the fourth step of the scientific method? | Experiment—test the hypothesis. |
| What is the fifth step of the scientific method? | Analyze the results. |
| What is the sixth step of the scientific method? | Draw conclusions. |
| What is an independent variable? | The thing you change or manipulate in an experiment. |
| What is a dependent variable? | The thing you measure that changes because of the independent variable. |
| What is a constant? | A part of the experiment that is kept the same. |
| What is a control? | A baseline used for comparing the results. |
| What is the difference between an independent and dependent variable? | You change the independent variable; you measure the dependent variable. |
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