Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
U2, period 3, Ch. 7
History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who was the first president? | -George Washington elected unanimously - preferred title "Mr. President", wanted to present himself as a democratic public servant, not a king -elected Jefferson & Hamilton as 1st cabinet -toured country to gain support for new system |
| presidential cabinet | -group of advisers that Washington created to help make decisions about running the new gov -not specified in the Constitution |
| Bill of Rights | -drafted by James Madison -ten amendments added to the Constitution that protect the basic civil liberties of Americans & powers of states |
| Alexander Hamilton | -secretary of the Treasury (managed nation's finances) -wrote a large portion of the federalist papers (along w/ James Madison & John Jay) |
| Thomas Jefferson | -Secretary of State (handled foreign affairs) |
| Bill of Rights amendment 1 | 5 freedoms: religion, speech, press, assembly, petition |
| Bill of Rights amendment 2 | right to bear arms -debate over militias and federal powers |
| Bill of Rights amendment 3 | no forced quartering of soldiers -response to the Quarting Act before the revolution |
| Bill of Rights amendment 4 | no unreasonable searched/seizures -warrants generally require probable cause -protects privacy from gov |
| Bill of Rights amendment 5 | rights of accused people -BEFORE a case -no double jeopardy (can't be tried twice for the same crime) -no self-incrimination (don't have to ans. questions) -due process -compensation for property taken for public use |
| Bill of Rights amendment 6 | rights in criminal trials DURING a trial -speedy/public trials -impartial jury -attorney -know the charges -confront/question the witness |
| Bill of Rights amendment 7 | right to a jury trial in federal civil cases -CIVIL cases (one business/person is suing another over a dispute) not criminal cases - |
| Bill of Rights amendment 8 | no excessive bail or fines -no cruel or unusual punishment |
| Bill of Rights amendment 9 | people have rights beyond those specifically listed in the Constitution |
| Bill of Rights amendment 10 | powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or the people -federalism/states rights -assures anti-federalists that the states would retain significant authority |
| What was Hamilton's plan to manage the debt stemming from the American Revolution? | - federal gov assumes all state debt -would help fed. gov establish strong national credit, investors would have more trust in US to pay off their debts -makes it easier for fed. gov. to borrow $ in future |
| What economic crisis occurred due to debt after the American Revolution? | -individual states had debts, each raised $ independently (messy decentralized system) -def. gov. under the articles had little taxing power -farmers couldn't pay debts, lost their farms (shay's rebellion) -evidence that US needed stronger fed gov |
| Hamilton's economic vision for America | manufacturing/self-sufficiency , urbanism/commercialism -pushed for national bank (argued that the fed gov establishing the bank is permitted by elastic clause) -wanted wealthy investors to have financial interest in US fed gov |
| Jefferson's opinion of a national bank | -make fed gov too powerful -favor wealthy over farmers - gives bankers/investors more political influence by closely connecting them w/ gov -not permitted by Constitution -empowers cities (like Boston & NY) (commerce was concentrated in cities) |
| Was a national bank established? | -Washington signed the bank bill -Bank of the United States |
| How did the FEDERAL GOV. pay off the combined financial debt of the states? | -tariffs on imported goods -excise tax on whiskey |
| Why was a national bank beneficial? | -loans & credit (promotes industry) -makes payments & transfer easier (merchants could conduct interstate trade) -helped gov manage finances & create reliable credit -increases support among wealthy for fed gov ($ then depends on stable gov) |
| Necessary and proper clause | |
| Jefferson's vision for America's economy | - agrarianism -idealized independent farmer -land-owing farmers who produced for himself was independent, not controlled by wealthy employer - urbanism threatens republicanism - working-class economic dependence gives wealthy political influence |
| Compromise of 1790 | -Jefferson & other southerners wanted a permanent capital in the south -Hamilton wanted support for his financial plan -they agreed to move the capital from NY to Washington DC if the fed. gov assumes state debts |
| conflicts with Indian tribes during Washington's presidency | -settlers moved into Ohio Valley region -Arthur St. Clair (governor of Northwest territory) negotiated treaties w/ Natives. But, this didn't end conflict (natives didn't accept treaties, weren't fully represented) -leads to Battle of Fallen Timbers |
| Joseph Brant's role in the conflicts between native nations and Americans during Washington's presidency | -He encouraged northwestern native nations to unite around the idea that the Ohio River should remain a boundary -vowed that no white settlement would ever enter west of the Ohio River Valley |
| Battle of Fallen Timbers causes | -During Washington's presidency -American settlers moved into Northwest Territory (especially present-day Ohio) -previous treaties & negotiations w/ natives failed -native groups formed a confederation |
| Battle of Fallen Timbers events | -Washington sent General Anthony Wayne to lead US forces against the native confederation -US won at the battle of fallen timbers (near present-day Ohio) |
| Battle of Fallen Timbers results | -Treaty of Greenville (1795) -strengthen US control of Northwest territory -demonstrated that fed. gov could use military force -temporarily reduced settler-native conflict |
| Treaty of Greenville | Native nations ceded large parts of Ohio & surrounding territory - US provided payments/goods & recognized native possession of certain remaining lands |
| Response to Hamilton's tax on whiskey (whiskey excise) | Pennsylvania farmers resisted the tax -farmers depended on whiskey as a source of revenue -protesters tarred & feathered tax collectors -organized a Committee of Public Safety (organized rebellion) |
| How was the Whiskey Rebellion extinguished | Washington led 12000 troops into Pennsylvania to crush the rebellion -once they arrived, the troops dispersed without a fight, demonstrated the strength & authority of the new fed gov - revealed that gov could enforce the laws |
| What did Washington do in regards to the French Revolution (which had become a war)? | -Washington (though effects extended into Adams administration - 2nd president) declared neutrality -US was dependent on both France & England for trade -America (young nation) could focus on rebuilding itself before entering European conflict |
| Effects of the French Revolution on America | -created tension w/ France (argued that US owed them for their help in revolution) -created tension w/ Britain (impressing US sailors & interfering w/ US trade) -led to permanent split of political parties (federalists VS democratic-republicans) |
| Federalists (political party) | -support Hamilton -strong central government -promoted manufacturing and industry -admired the British (French & Indian War) |
| Democratic-Republican (political party) | -AKA anti-federalist -power of the states -promoted agarianism -sympathized with the French (French & Indian War) |
| Election of 1796 | John Adam (federalist) defeated Thomas Jefferson (democratic-republican) -John Adams became the second president of the US & Jefferson was elected as the vice president |
| XYZ affair | French seized 300 American ships in 1797 -Adams sent diplomats to negotiate w/ foreign minister who demanded a bribe -US refused -Adams built up navy - angered democratic-Republicans (favored France), thought Adams was prepping for a war w/ France, |
| Alien and Sedition Acts causes | -XYZ affair made Americans worried about conflict w/ France -Federalists feared D-R (who criticized Adams & federal gov) -Federalists wanted to weaken the the support for the D-R & silence criticism for Adams administration |
| Alien and Sedition Acts events | Alien: made it harder for immigrants to become citizens & gave the president greater power over certain immigrants Sedition: made it illegal to publish certain false or malicious statements criticizing the fed gov or president |
| Alien and Sedition Acts effects | increased tension between the 2 parties -limited freedom of speech/press -hurt the federalist party (Acts were seen by their opponents as an abuse of federal power) |
| intended purpose of the Alien and Sedition Acts (how each weaken D-R support) | Alien: recent immigrants tended to support the D-R, reducing future voting support Sedition: targeted certain criticism of the federal government |
| Kentucky and Virginia resolves | -created by Jefferson and Madison to nullify the Alien and Sedition Acts -argued that the state should challenge federal laws that they believed were unconstitutional |
| quasi-war | -an undeclared war -conflict between two countries without an official war |
| quasi-war between America and France during Adams Administration - causation | France was angry that he US was staying neutral in the war w/ Britain France began seizing American ships the US responded by building up its navy & fighting French ships |
| election of 1800 | -Adams wasn' t re-elected -Jefferson & Aaron Burr had equal # of electoral votes -House of Reps made decision -Hamilton (didn' t trust Burrs ambition & morality) supports Jeff -Jeff became president (gov became more D-R instead of Fed) & Burrs vice |
| Quasi-war between America and France during Adams Administration - ending | -federalist party (Hamilton) pushed for an official declaration of war against France -however, Adams opted for peace & the war came to an end in 1800 (his decision angered many federalists who favored England, lost support & was not re-elected) |
| Henry Knox | -continental Army general & Washington' s chief of artillery during revolution -1st secretary of War under Washington -federalist - wanted a strong national gov |
| Edmund Randolph | -presented the Virginia Plan at the constitutional convention in 1787 -strong national gov - federalist -1st US attorney general - gives president & fed gov legal advice -Secretary of state for Washington after Jefferson resigned |
| Report on Manufactures | -Hamilton's 1791 plan for strengthening the US economy -wanted the US to become more industrialized instead of relying mostly on farming & foreign goods -tariff foreign goods, encourage factories |
| Wealth of Nations | -famous book by Adam Smith in 1776 -argued for free-market capitalism (individuals and businesses make economic decisions w/ less gov interference) |
| What points does Adam Smith make in his book | -free markets/trade -buy & sell w/ less restriction -competition among businesses (🠯 prices & better products) -division of labor - workers specialize -invisible hand - pursuing own economic interest unintentionally contributes to broader economy |
| Washington's farewell address | Washington announced he was leaving presidency -avoid political parties - division, puts party interest over the nation -avoid permanent foreign alliances to avoid European conflict -stay neutral in European conflict (focus on own development) |
| Citizen Genet Affair | -Edmond Genet (french diplomat) came to the US to try & get help for the war w/ Britain -recruited American privateers to attack British ships and appeal to Americans for support despite Washingtonian's policy of neutrality |
| Jay’s Treaty causes | a treaty between US & Britain negotiated by John Jay -Britain was still occupying forts in US territory, seizing US ships, interfering w/ trade, impressing US sailors |
| Pinckney’s Treaty | -between US & spain -US got: free navigation of Mississippi Rv, right to deposit goods @ New Orleans without paying Spanish taxes, spain recognized US-Florida boundary @ 31st parallel |
| privateers | privately owned ships that are allowed by the government to attack enemy ships -legal pirates lol |
| Citizen Genet Affair effects | -increased political division: D-R supported France while Federalists supported Washington's neutral approach -contributed to Neutrality Act of 1794: the US formally reinforced restrictions against Americans participating in foreign wars |
| Jay's Treaty effects | -Britain agreed to leave western forts - US gave Britain "most favored nation" trade status -reduced tensions & avoided war -federalists supported (wanted stable trade) & D-R opposed (too favorable towards Britain than US & betrayal of France) |
| Pinckey's treaty effects | -benefits western farmers & settlers because they could ship their goods down the Mississippi Rv to New Orleans & then to international markets -reduced tensions w/ the growing US, encouraged trade, settled border disputes |
| Pinckey's treaty causes | -after US victory @ the battle of fallen timbers, Spain realized the US was becoming stronger & expanding west -Spain agreed to negotiate rather than risk conflict |
| naturalization acts |
Created by:
Blessed Rectangle 11