Question 1

$table

Accepted Answer

Tells a Model which database table it represents

Question 2

findAll()

Accepted Answer

Retrieves every record from a Model's table

Question 3

$allowedFields

Accepted Answer

Restricts which fields may be mass-assigned during insert or update

Question 4

where()

Accepted Answer

Filters query results based on a condition

Question 5

_______________________________________________________________________

Accepted Answer

_______________________________________________________________________

Question 6

Which line correctly retrieves all tasks with status 'done' using a TaskModel instance $model?

Accepted Answer

$model->where('status', 'done')->findAll();

Question 7

In the typical CodeIgniter data flow, which component calls the Model to retrieve data before passing it to a View?

Accepted Answer

The Controller

Question 8

What term describes an unauthorized attempt to manipulate a database through injected SQL, which Query Builder helps prevent?

Accepted Answer

SQL injection

Question 9

The .env file is used to store view templates.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 10

What is the name of the CodeIgniter file where database connection settings are typically stored?

Accepted Answer

.env

Question 11

Which method would you chain to where('status', 'pending') to sort results by creation date, newest first?

Accepted Answer

orderBy('created_at', 'DESC')

Question 12

Which property in a Model tells CodeIgniter which database table the Model represents?

Accepted Answer

$table

Question 13

CodeIgniter automatically creates database tables the first time a Model is used.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 14

Every CodeIgniter application must have at least one Model, even if it does not use a database.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 15

Chaining where() and orderBy() lets you filter and sort a query in a single statement.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 16

A Model's $allowedFields property lists the columns permitted for mass assignment.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 17

Which Query Builder method retrieves a single record by its primary key?

Accepted Answer

find($id)

Question 18

Comparing SELECT * FROM tasks WHERE status = '$status' (built by directly inserting a variable into a SQL string) against $builder->where('status', $status)->get();, which is safer and why?

Accepted Answer

The Query Builder version, because it automatically escapes the value and reduces SQL injection risk

Question 19

A table has columns id, title, status, created_at. Which line correctly inserts a new row with only a title?

Accepted Answer

$model->insert(['title' => 'Buy groceries']);

Question 20

The public folder should contain the application's business logic, including Models.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 21

A developer hardcodes a task list directly inside a controller using a PHP array, even though a database table for tasks already exists. What is the main drawback?

Accepted Answer

Any change to the task list requires editing code, and the two sources of data can fall out of sync

Question 22

A team stores database passwords directly inside a Model's PHP file instead of .env. What is the main problem with this?

Accepted Answer

Credentials embedded in code are more likely to be exposed and harder to change per environment than values in .env

Question 23

Why is CodeIgniter's Query Builder generally considered safer than concatenating raw SQL strings with user input?

Accepted Answer

Query Builder automatically escapes values, reducing the risk of SQL injection

Question 24

What is the primary purpose of a CodeIgniter Model?

Accepted Answer

To manage data and communicate with the database

Question 25

Using Query Builder instead of raw SQL strings reduces the risk of SQL injection.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 26

findAll() returns only the first matching record from a table

Accepted Answer

False

Question 27

Which Query Builder method retrieves every record from a Model's table?

Accepted Answer

findAll()

Question 28

What does the $primaryKey property in a Model define?

Accepted Answer

The column CodeIgniter treats as the unique identifier for each row

Question 29

After correctly configuring .env and creating a Model, a page still throws a database connection error. Which of these is LEAST likely to be the cause?

Accepted Answer

The view has no <title> tag

Question 30

Which CodeIgniter file typically stores database connection settings such as hostname, username, and database name?

Accepted Answer

.env

Question 31

What Query Builder method sorts retrieved records by a specific column, ascending or descending?

Accepted Answer

orderBy()

Question 32

What term describes the special class that represents and manages a specific database table?

Accepted Answer

Model

Question 33

A view shows "Undefined variable $tasks" even though the Model successfully retrieves records in the controller. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The controller did not include tasks in the data array passed to view()

Question 34

A new priority column is added directly in the database, but $allowedFields is never updated to include it. What happens when a controller tries to save a priority value through this Model?

Accepted Answer

It is silently dropped because $allowedFields still does not list it

Question 35

findAll() returns only the first matching record from a table.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 36

A model defines protected $allowedFields = ['title', 'status']; but a controller tries to insert a record that also includes a description value. What happens?

Accepted Answer

The description value is silently ignored because it is not in $allowedFields

Question 37

A page correctly lists all tasks, but clicking into one specific task shows "Undefined variable $task." The controller has: $data['tasks'] = $model->find($id); return view('tasks/show', $data);. What is the bug?

Accepted Answer

The single record is stored under the plural key 'tasks' but the view expects $task (singular)

Question 38

What does a Model's $allowedFields property control?

Accepted Answer

Which fields may be mass-assigned during insert() or update()

Question 39

What does a Model's $allowedFields property control?

Accepted Answer

Which fields may be mass-assigned during insert() or update()

M2 - Web Sys

WEB SYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES / IT0049

Question	Answer
Matching type. Match the term with the correct description.
$table	Tells a Model which database table it represents
findAll()	Retrieves every record from a Model's table
$allowedFields	Restricts which fields may be mass-assigned during insert or update
where()	Filters query results based on a condition
_______________________________________________________________________	_______________________________________________________________________
Which line correctly retrieves all tasks with status 'done' using a TaskModel instance $model?	$model->where('status', 'done')->findAll();
In the typical CodeIgniter data flow, which component calls the Model to retrieve data before passing it to a View?	The Controller
What term describes an unauthorized attempt to manipulate a database through injected SQL, which Query Builder helps prevent?	SQL injection
The .env file is used to store view templates.	False
What is the name of the CodeIgniter file where database connection settings are typically stored?	.env
Which method would you chain to where('status', 'pending') to sort results by creation date, newest first?	orderBy('created_at', 'DESC')
Which property in a Model tells CodeIgniter which database table the Model represents?	$table
CodeIgniter automatically creates database tables the first time a Model is used.	False
Every CodeIgniter application must have at least one Model, even if it does not use a database.	False
Chaining where() and orderBy() lets you filter and sort a query in a single statement.	True
A Model's $allowedFields property lists the columns permitted for mass assignment.	True
Which Query Builder method retrieves a single record by its primary key?	find($id)
Comparing SELECT * FROM tasks WHERE status = '$status' (built by directly inserting a variable into a SQL string) against $builder->where('status', $status)->get();, which is safer and why?	The Query Builder version, because it automatically escapes the value and reduces SQL injection risk
A table has columns id, title, status, created_at. Which line correctly inserts a new row with only a title?	$model->insert(['title' => 'Buy groceries']);
The public folder should contain the application's business logic, including Models.	False
A developer hardcodes a task list directly inside a controller using a PHP array, even though a database table for tasks already exists. What is the main drawback?	Any change to the task list requires editing code, and the two sources of data can fall out of sync
A team stores database passwords directly inside a Model's PHP file instead of .env. What is the main problem with this?	Credentials embedded in code are more likely to be exposed and harder to change per environment than values in .env
Why is CodeIgniter's Query Builder generally considered safer than concatenating raw SQL strings with user input?	Query Builder automatically escapes values, reducing the risk of SQL injection
What is the primary purpose of a CodeIgniter Model?	To manage data and communicate with the database
Using Query Builder instead of raw SQL strings reduces the risk of SQL injection.	True
findAll() returns only the first matching record from a table	False
Which Query Builder method retrieves every record from a Model's table?	findAll()
What does the $primaryKey property in a Model define?	The column CodeIgniter treats as the unique identifier for each row
After correctly configuring .env and creating a Model, a page still throws a database connection error. Which of these is LEAST likely to be the cause?	The view has no <title> tag
Which CodeIgniter file typically stores database connection settings such as hostname, username, and database name?	.env
What Query Builder method sorts retrieved records by a specific column, ascending or descending?	orderBy()
What term describes the special class that represents and manages a specific database table?	Model
A view shows "Undefined variable $tasks" even though the Model successfully retrieves records in the controller. What is the most likely cause?	The controller did not include tasks in the data array passed to view()
A new priority column is added directly in the database, but $allowedFields is never updated to include it. What happens when a controller tries to save a priority value through this Model?	It is silently dropped because $allowedFields still does not list it
findAll() returns only the first matching record from a table.	False
A model defines protected $allowedFields = ['title', 'status']; but a controller tries to insert a record that also includes a description value. What happens?	The description value is silently ignored because it is not in $allowedFields
A page correctly lists all tasks, but clicking into one specific task shows "Undefined variable $task." The controller has: $data['tasks'] = $model->find($id); return view('tasks/show', $data);. What is the bug?	The single record is stored under the plural key 'tasks' but the view expects $task (singular)
What does a Model's $allowedFields property control?	Which fields may be mass-assigned during insert() or update()
What does a Model's $allowedFields property control?	Which fields may be mass-assigned during insert() or update()

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