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tissues and membrane
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tissues | group of similar cells working together to perform a function |
| Histology | the microscopic study of tissue appearance, organization, and function |
| Basic tissue types | Epithelial, Connective, Muscle. Nervous tissue. |
| Epithelial Tissue | Large sheets of cells covering all the surfaces of the body exposed to the outside world and lining the outside of organs. |
| Tight junctions | prevents leakage |
| Desmosomes | holds cells together |
| Gap junctions | allows communication |
| What are the purpose of cell junctions? | connect neighboring cells, provide structural support, create fluid barriers, and enable direct cell-to-cell communication. |
| squamous (cell shape) | flattened and thin |
| cuboidal (cell shape) | boxy, as wide as it is tall |
| columnar (cell shape) | rectangular, taller than it is wide |
| Simple Epithelia | a type of epithelial tissue made of a single layer of cells where every cell touches the bottom support layer |
| Simple Cuboidal Epithelium | a single layer of cube-shaped cells that handle secretion, absorption, and protection in the body |
| Simple Columnar Epithelium | a single layer of tall, column-shaped cells that lines most of the digestive tract and absorbs nutrients. |
| Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium | a single layer of irregularly shaped columnar cells that appears multi-layered because its cell nuclei sit at different heights. |
| Stratified Squamous Epithelium | made of multiple layers of cells with flat, scale-like cells at the surface, designed to protect body parts exposed to constant wear and tear |
| Transitional Epithelium (Stratified) | found only in the urinary system, a specialized type of multi-layered tissue that changes shape and stretches as organs expand and contrats. |
| Glandular Epithelia | a specialized type of tissue made of cells that produce and release substances |
| Gland | A gland is a structure made up of one or more cells modified to synthesize and secrete chemical substances. |
| Connective Tissue-Functions | support, bind, protect, and integrate other tissues and organs in the body. |
| Fibroblasts | most abundant cell in connective tissue proper. Responsible for the extra-cellular matrix. |
| Adipocytes | cells that store lipids as droplets that fill most of the cytoplasm. |
| Mesenchymal cell | a multipotent adult stem cell. These cells can differentiate into any type of connective tissue cells needed for repair and healing of damaged tissue. |
| Three main types of fibers are secreted by fibroblasts | Collagen Fiber, Elastic fibers, Reticular fibers |
| Areolar connective tissue | A loose connective tissue that connects, supports, and surrounds organs and tissues. |
| Loose Connective Tissues: Adipose Tissue | commonly known as body fat, is a specialized connective tissue that stores energy, insulates the body. |
| Loose Connective Tissues: Reticular connective tissue | Reticular connective tissue forms a delicate, mesh-like internal skeleton (stroma) that supports functional cells and immune cells in soft, active organs. |
| Dense connective tissues | Dense connective tissue contains more collagen fibers than does loose connective tissue. It displays greater resistance to stretching. |
| Dense Regular Connective Tissues | a strong, fibrous tissue made of parallel collagen fibers that resist pulling forces in a single direction |
| Dense Irregular Connective Tissue | a type of tissue with thick collagen fibers arranged in random, interwoven bundles that resist pulling forces from multiple directions |
| Elastic Connective Tissues | Elastin fibers allow the tissue to return to its original length after stretching. |
| Types of Cartilage: Hyaline | the most common type of connective tissue in the human body, providing a smooth, slippery surface that cushions bones at joints. |
| Types of Cartilage: Elastic | a highly flexible connective tissue containing a dense network of elastic fibers that allow it to bounce back to its original shape after being bent or stretched. |
| Types of Cartilage: Fibrocartilage | tough because it has thick bundles of collagen fibers. It absorb heavy shocks, resist extreme compression, and provide tough structural support in high-stress areas of the body |
| Osseous Tissue | commonly known as bone tissue, is a hard, specialized connective tissue that forms the primary structural framework of the vertebrate skeleton. |
| three types of muscle tissues | Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle, Smooth muscle |
| Skeletal Muscle | voulntary movement, produces heat, protects the organs |
| Cardiac Muscle | contracts to pump blood. found in the wall of the heart |
| Smooth Muscle | Contraction is responsible for involuntary movements in the internal organs. |
| Nervous Tissue | Nervous tissue is characterized as being excitable and capable of sending and receiving electrochemical signals that provide the body with information |
| Fibrosis | the replacement of damaged tissue with scar tissue made mostly of collagen. (occurs when injury is severe) |
Created by:
katelyyn290007