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HS UIL SS part 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ex parte Yarbrough (1884) | Supreme Court case that upheld the federal government's power to protect voters from interference in federal elections |
| Exodusters | African Americans who migrated from the South to the West, especially Kansas, after Reconstruction |
| Farmers Alliances | Organizations of farmers that promoted cooperation and pushed for economic and political reforms |
| First Ku Klux Klan | White supremacist terrorist group founded after the Civil War to oppose Reconstruction and African American rights |
| Free Silver Movement | Movement supporting the unlimited coinage of silver to increase the money supply and help farmers and debtors |
| Freedmen's Bureau | Federal agency created after the Civil War to help formerly enslaved people with food, education, jobs, and legal assistance |
| F.W. Woolworth Company | Retail company that became famous for its chain of low-cost five-and-dime stores |
| General Mining Act of 1872 | Law that allowed individuals and companies to claim and purchase mineral lands on federal land at low prices |
| Germ Theory | Scientific theory that diseases are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses |
| Gerry Act (1892) | New York law that created election districts designed to help Republicans maintain political power |
| Gold Standard Act of 1900 | Law that officially placed the United States on the gold standard |
| Grandfather Clause | Voting restriction that allowed men to vote if their ancestors could vote before the Civil War, excluding many African Americans |
| Granger Movement | Farmers' movement that fought railroad monopolies and supported government regulation of railroads |
| Great Chicago Fire (1871) | Massive fire that destroyed much of Chicago and led to major rebuilding and urban development |
| Great Southwest Railroad Strike of 1886 | Railroad strike against Jay Gould's railroads that was defeated after the companies brought in replacement workers |
| Greenback Party | Political party that supported paper money and opposed returning to a strict gold-based currency |
| Half-Breeds | Republican faction that supported civil service reform and opposed the political power of party bosses |
| Hamburg Massacre (1876) | Violent attack in South Carolina in which white militia members killed Black militia members during Reconstruction |
| Harrigan and Hart | Popular American theater team known for developing realistic musical comedy in the late 1800s |
| Hatch Act of 1887 | Law that created agricultural experiment stations and provided federal support for agricultural research |
| Holding Company | Company created to own controlling shares of other companies, allowing it to control multiple businesses |
| Homestead Act of 1862 | Law that gave settlers 160 acres of public land if they lived on and improved it |
| Immigration Act of 1882 | Law that restricted immigration and banned certain groups, including contract laborers, criminals, and people considered unable to support themselves |
| Immigration Restriction League | Organization founded to restrict immigration, especially from southern and eastern Europe |
| Incorporation of U.S. Steel | Creation of U.S. Steel in 1901 by J. P. Morgan, combining Carnegie Steel with other major steel companies |
| Johnson Amnesty Proclamations (1865/1868) | Presidential proclamations that gradually restored political rights and property rights to many former Confederates |
| Johnson Circular No. 15 (1865) | Andrew Johnson's order returning confiscated Southern land to its previous owners, reversing some land given to freedpeople |
| Johnson Impeachment | 1868 impeachment of President Andrew Johnson by the House after his conflict with Congress over Reconstruction policies |
| Kinetoscope | Early motion-picture viewing device developed by Thomas Edison and William Dickson |
| Knights of Labor | Labor organization that sought to unite skilled and unskilled workers and pushed for an eight-hour workday and other reforms |
| Labor Day | Federal holiday honoring workers, first celebrated nationally in 1894 |
| Land Rush of 1889 | Opening of Oklahoma territory to settlers, leading thousands to race to claim available land |
| Legal Tender Act (1862) | Law that created greenback paper money that could be used as legal tender |
| Liberal Republicans | Republicans who broke away from the party in 1872 because they opposed corruption and wanted civil service reform |
| Lodge Bill (1890) | Proposed federal law that would have protected African American voting rights, but it failed in the Senate |
| Long Drive (cattle) | Movement of large herds of cattle over long distances from Texas ranches to railroad towns and markets |
| Looking Backward: 2000-1887 | Edward Bellamy's utopian novel imagining a future society with less inequality and a cooperative economy |
| Lost Cause Myth | False historical interpretation that romanticized the Confederacy and portrayed the Civil War as being mainly about states' rights rather than slavery |
| McKinley Tariff (1890) | Law that raised tariffs to historically high levels on many imported goods |
| Memphis Massacre (1866) | Violence in Memphis in which white mobs attacked Black residents, killing and injuring many people and destroying property |
| Mississippi Plan | Political strategy used by white Democrats to regain control of Mississippi through intimidation, violence, and suppression of Black voters |
| Molly Maguires | Secret labor organization associated with Irish immigrant coal miners in Pennsylvania that was accused of violence against mine owners |
| Morrill Act of 1862 | Law that provided federal land to states to fund colleges focused on agriculture and mechanical arts |
| Mugwumps | Republicans who refused to support James G. Blaine in 1884 and instead supported Democrat Grover Cleveland |
| National American Women's Suffrage Association | Women's organization formed in 1890 to campaign for women's right to vote |
| National Labor Union | One of the first major national labor organizations, founded in 1866, that pushed for an eight-hour workday and workers' rights |
| Northern Securities Company | Large railroad holding company created by J. P. Morgan that was later broken up by the Supreme Court as an illegal monopoly |
| New Orleans Massacre of 1866 | Violent attack in New Orleans in which a white mob attacked Black citizens and Republicans, killing many people |
| Opelousas Massacre (1868) | Violence in Louisiana in which white supremacists attacked Black political activists and supporters |
| Pacific Railway Acts | Federal laws that provided land and financial support for the construction of the transcontinental railroad |
| Page Act (1875) | First major federal law restricting immigration; it especially targeted Chinese women by assuming they were entering for prostitution |
| Pan-Americanism | Idea of closer economic, political, and diplomatic cooperation among the nations of North and South America |
Created by:
Sofianva30