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Hist 1010
MC/TF
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Evidence for the 1st people in North America | Archaeological evidence and genetic information |
| 3 reasons Europeans failed to explore earlier | Feudalism, age of faith, and technological backwardness |
| 6 factors leading to exploration and colonization | The renaissance, the crusades, technological advances, bubonic plague, creation of nation-states, and missionary effects |
| Characteristics of New France | Few actual settlers, establish friendly relations with Indian tribes, and lay claim to land in midwest U.S. |
| Jamestown challenges | Shortage of food, health conditions, and poor relations with Indians |
| Tobacco's contribution | Alters the Virginia economy and leads to plantation system |
| Indentured servitude | Young, white males who perform 4-7 years of labor in exchange for payment of passage to Virginia |
| Pilgrims believed the Church of England was ... | Corrupt |
| Puritans wanted to ... | Purify the Church of England |
| Massachusetts Bay Company | Created to facilitate Puritan settlement in America |
| Anne Hutchinson | Criticized mandatory church attendance and power of religious leaders in colony was later exiled from colony |
| Roger Williams | Challenged Puritan leadership and advocated for fair treatment of American Indians and was forced to flee |
| "Holy Experiment" | Pennsylvania called this bc it's founders attempt to tolerate a variety of groups |
| Jamestown | 1st permanent English settlement in America |
| Why did indentured servitude work? | Opportunities in Virginia for former slaves to gain prosperity |
| What does Anne Hutchison and Roger Williams serve examples of? | Dissenters |
| What's a dissenter? | A person who disagrees with a commonly accepted opinion |
| Primary economic activity for Americans during the Colonial Period | Farming |
| What did they farm? | Some dedicated to farming wheat, corn, etc. or tobacco and rice |
| Skilled craftsmen/artisans | Carpenters, coopers (barrel makers), shoemakers, tailors, blacksmiths, and silversmiths |
| Importance of industry and trade | |
| Intercolonial Trade | Trade between colonies |
| Foreign Trade | Trade with England and other parts of the world |
| Who does industry serve? | Lumber Naval stores Fishing Shipbuilding Fur |
| 3 facts about the middle passage | 1. The configuration of the slave trading ships were designed to maximize profit 2. Little food and water provided 3. Between 10-20% of the enslaved die on each voyage |
| How much cultural variation is in colonies? | Significant cultural variation but not much tolerance |
| Largest religious groups during Colonial Period | Congregationalists and the Anglicans |
| Smaller religious groups during Colonial Period | Catholics and Jews |
| Salutary Neglect | After the war, England starts enforcing the law and regulations on things such as trade |
| The Stamp Act | A tax on ALL legal documents in the colonies |
| Paul Revere, “Engraving of the Boston Massacre.” | Revere’s portrayal of a massacre |
| What elements did Revere include that portray the event as a massacre? | The British’s firing line, unarmed colonists, innocent victims, unarmed colonists, and no snowball/chaos |
| The Declaratory Act | Stated that parliament had authority over the colonies in “all cases whatsoever” |
| Direct Representation | Colonies want “Direct Representation"→ elected reps from district |
| Virtual Representation | Parliament claims to represent all British subjects |
| Tea Act | Created a monopoly on tea for failing British East India company → lowered tea prices but kept the tax |
| The Coercive (Intolerable Acts) | Punished Boston by closing port, ending self-government, and quartering troops |
| Olive Branch Petition | A failed attempt at reconciliation by moderates in congress → King George does not respond |
| Dunmore’s Proclamation (1776) | Offers freedom to enslaved persons in Virginia if they fought for Britain |
| Author of DOI | Thomas Jefferson |
| Siginifiance of DOI | Draws on Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke Creates a system of gov that had not been tried in modern world Severe connections between Britain and colonies |
| Loyalists | Colonists who supported Britain |
| Saratoga | American army defeats British army |
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