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Psych ch 1
Chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Psychology | The discipline concerned with behavior and mental processes and how they are affected by an organism's physical state, mental state, and external environment. |
| Empirical | Replying on or derived from observation, experimentation, or measurement. |
| Critical thinking | Assessing claims and making objective judgements on the basis of well supported reasons and evidence rather than emotion or anecdote. |
| Phrenology | The now-discredited theory that different brain areas account for specific character and personality traits, which can be "read" from bumps on the skull |
| Structuralism | An early psychological approach that emphasized the analysis of immediate experience into basic elements. |
| Functionalism | An early psychological approach that emphasized the function or purpose of behavior and consciousness. |
| Psychoanalysis | A theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy, originally formulated by Sigmud Freud, that emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts. |
| Biological perspective | A psychological approach that emphasizes bodily events and changes, associated with actions, feelings, and thoughts. |
| Evolutionary psychology | A psychological approach emphasizing evolutionary mechanisms that may help explain human commodities in cognition, development, emotion and social practices. |
| Learning perspective | A psychological approach that includes behaviorism and social-cognitive learning theories and emphasizes now the environment and experience affect actions. |
| Cognitive perspectives | A psychological approach that emphasizes the mental processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behavior. |
| Sociocultural prespective | A psychological approach emphasizes social and culture influences on behavior. |
| Feminist psychology | A psychological app roach that analyzes the influence of social inequities on gender relations and on the behavior of the 2 sexes. |
| Basic psychology | The study of psychological issues for the sake of knowledge rather than for its practice and application. |
| Applied psychology | The study and application of psychological issues that have direct practical significance. |