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Environmental Scienc
Environmental Science basics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Living and nonliving things (people included) | Environment |
| Energy and subtances taken from the environment | natural resources |
| Replenish over short periods of time | renewable resources |
| finite supply of a single resource | nonrenewable recources |
| resources constantly renewed (like sunlight) | inexaughstible resources |
| resources renewed over longer periods of time (timber, water, soil) | exaughstible resources |
| Processes results from normal functioning ecological systems from which humans draw benefits: water & air purification, water recycling, flood deprivation | ecosystem services |
| focus on crop growth, animal domestication & village settlements --- increased populations | agricultrual revolution |
| urban powered by fossil fuels society shift | industrial revolution |
| nonrenewable energy resources such as coal, oil, and natural gas | fossil fuels |
| Consumptions of land & water needed for a person equal to their waste and needed output; How much land & water used in terms of how much used and how to regenerate it; Pop. Growth = increased planet resource consumption | ecological footprint |
| surpassing Earths capacity to support human needs | overshoot |
| Interdisciplinary academic field involving natural sciences and social sciences | environmental science |
| systems of life | natural sciences |
| addresses human interactions and instituions | social sciences |
| sustainbility plan adopted to be met around 2030; sustainable future | Sustainable Development Goal (2015) |
| understanding environmental processes | environmental literacy |
| environmental issues having multiple cuases, outcomes, and solutions given responses (family farmers vs anti deforesters, people living near factories vs factory workers) | trade-offs |
| gathering basic information of a given environment | descriptive science |
| construct explanations of why within the scientific method | hypothesis-driven science |
| technique of testing ideas within a series of logical steps | scientific method |
| first part of phenomenon wished to be explained; leads to questions; attempting to explain the hypothesis | observation |
| generated by the hypothesis to be tested | prediction |
| conducted to test a prediction & hypothesis | experiment |
| varible manipulated by the scientist | independent varible |
| variable affected by independent variable | dependent variable |
| two identical groups tested for effects of the independent variable | controlled experiment |
| in an experiment; isnt changed and serves as a comparison | control |
| in an experiment; manipulated with the independent variable | treatment |
| collected in an experiement | data |
| reasearcher coontrols the independent variable | manipulative experiment |
| occurs when a controlled experiement arent possible and dependent varible are natural; scientists look for correlations in these | natural experiment |
| expresions using numbers (statistics) | quantitive data |
| data and analysis disprobe hypothesis | rejected hypotheis |
| other scientists can reproduce this experiment | repeatable work |
| when commonly supported scientific view changes massively | paradigm shift |
| hidden influences in science | bias |
| restrictions on conclusions in a science experiement | limitations |
| samples dont represent the larger population system (limited view - only one sample ) | sampling bias |
| limits or inconsistnet; affects how measurments get collected (differences in methods of data collection) | measurment bias |
| environmental conditions affect results | environmental variability |
| expectations influence evidence recording or interpretation | confirmation bias |
| too few replications; unreliable in an experiment/study | insufficient replication |
| lab or small experiments; may not reflect real world results | scale limitations |
| studying effects over too short time (ten days vs ten years); is it a long enough evaluation? | temporal bias |
| conclusions based only on surviving/observable organisms | survivorship bias |
| methods more likely to detect some organisms/outcomes than others | detection bias |
| "flashy" positive results published more often than null/negative results | publication bias |
| overlooked, metaphysical or philsophy praticed by indeginous people past and present, living knowledge; traditional ecolocial knowledge | indigenous science |
Created by:
jbearden582