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Pharm Tech Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Community (Retail) Pharmacy | Pharmacies such as CVS, Walgreens, and independent pharmacies. |
| Hospital Pharmacy | Located within hospitals |
| Long-Term Care Pharmacy | Provides medications to nursing homes and long-term care facilities. |
| Mail-Order Pharmacy | Dispenses medications by mail. |
| Specialty Pharmacy | Focuses on specialized and high-cost medications. |
| Compounding Pharmacy | Prepares custoned medications for patients. |
| Ambulatory Care Clinics | Outpatient clinical settings |
| Scope of practice | Pharmacists, Pharmacy Tech |
| Pharmacists | dispense, counsel, and advice physicians on drug related issues. |
| Pharmacy Tech | assist pharmacists in areas where pharmacists skills or expertise is not required. |
| Personal Standards | Dependable, Detail oriented, Trustworthy |
| Dependable | Performing the job as required, Showing up on Time, Do what is required |
| Trustworthy | Confidentialy of patent information, access to habit forming drugs/drug with abuse potentil. Access to expensive drug products. |
| Health | has to be in good health or ease of making mistakes, contracting diseases. |
| Hyigene | Deals with serval people, patients and customers Profesional image. |
| Appearance | Lab jacket, grooming, badge, etc. |
| Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act (HIP AA) - 1996 | Refers to privacy and security of patient health related data. |
| Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act (HIP AA) - 1996 | Made health care providers responsible for the privacy and security of all identifiable patient health information. |
| Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act (HIP AA) - 1996 | Called Protected Health Information - PHI |
| HIP applies to various formats including | Electronic data, computer files, electronic transmission, paper and hard copy documents. Oral communication, or billing and claims. |
| Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act (HIP AA) - 1996 | NO casual discussion with anyone about a patient data. (Includes family member, patients friends, etc., without the patient's permission/after signing a waiver. |
| Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act (HIP AA) - 1996 | NO discussion regarding topics including Medications and Health issues. Making sure file and documents are surely stored where no unauthorized person can access them. |
| Pharmacists Education | Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm D) degree - 6 year program - the only degree program to become a pharmacist. |
| 2 years of Pre-Pharmacy | (Calculus, chemistry biology) |
| +4 years of phrmacy education | PharmD Degree |
| Completes required internship or practice setting experience | Education and Licesning Requirements |
| Residency in specialty area is optional | Education and Licensing Requirements |
| To become a Pharmacy Technician in Texas | complete an approved pharmacy technician training program. |
| To become a Pharmacy Technician in Texas | Apply for registration with the Texas State Board of Pharmacy. |
| To become a Pharmacy Technician in Texas | Work under the supervision of a licensed pharmacist. |
| To become a Pharmacy Technician in Texas | Maintain registration and comply with continuing education requirements. |
| Computers in Pharmacy | Patient Profile, Billing, Prescriber Profile, Labeling |
| Patient Profile | Allows complete information about patients, including prescribers, insurer and medication history, and allergies; identities drug interactions for patients taking multiple medications. |
| Billing | Checks policies of third parties such as HMOs and insurers; authorizes third party transactions and credit cards electronically. |
| Prescriber Profile | Includes state identification numbers and affiliations with facilitates and insurers. |
| Labeling | Creates label, receipt, customer information, and usage instructions. |
| Pricing | Provides prices for medications and possibile subsitutes, automatically updates prices, scans prices from bar codes. |
| Education/Counseling | Patient information about drugs, usage, interactions, allergies, etc. |
| Product Selection | Locates items by various means (Brand name, generic name, product code, category, supplier, etc.) Gives updates of prices and other product informations. |
| Inventory | Adjusts inventory as prescriptions are filled, analyzes turnover, produces status reports, automatically re-orders based on inventory levels, and enters purchase orders. |
| What s Pioneer RX | is a pharmacy management software used in community and independent pharmacies to help manage daily pharmacy operations. |
| Why do we use Pioneer Rx? | Helps pharmacies work faster and more efficently |
| Why do we use Pioneer Rx? | Reduces paperwork and manual processes |
| Why do we use Pioneer Rx? | Allows pharmacists and technicians to focus on patient care |
| What can Pharmacy Technicians do with this software? | Enter and process prescriptions |
| What can Pharmacy Technicians do with this software? | Manage patient profiles |
| What can Pharmacy Technicians do with this software? | Print labels and medication information |
| What can Pharmacy Technicians do with this software? | Assist with inventory management |
| What can Pharmacy Technicians do with this software? | Support workflow under pharmacist supervision |
| Antibiotic | a type of medicine that fights bacterial infections in people and animals by killing bacteria or stopping them from growing. |
| Antitoxin | a special type of antibody that neutralizes a specific harmful poison, or toxin, produced by bacteria, plants, or animals |
| Data | refers to raw, unorganized facts, numbers, symbols, or observations that can be processed and analyzed to create meaningful information. |
| Hormones | the body's powerful chemical messengers that coordinate and regulate various biological processes and functions |
| Human Genome | is the complete set of DNA instructions needed to build and maintain a human body |
| Materia Medica | a Latin term from the history of pharmacy for the body of collected knowledge about the therapeutic properties of any substance used for healing (i.e., medications). |
| Materia Medica | The term derives from the title of a work by the Ancient Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides in the 1st century AD, De materia medica, 'On medical material' |
| Panacea | a single solution, remedy, or cure-all that is claimed or believed to solve all problems or heal all illnesses. |
| Pharmaceutical | the science of pharmacy and drug creation, and it is the title of several academic journals like Pharmaceutics. |
| Pharmacognosy | is the branch of pharmaceutical science that studies crude drugs and potential medicinal substances obtained from natural sources like plants, animals, and fungi. |
| Pharmacology | the scientific study of how drugs and chemical substances interact with living biological systems. |
| Pharmacopeia | an official book or reference guide containing a list of medicinal drugs, formulas, and quality standards published by a government or medical authority |
| Synthetic | made artificially by chemical processes rather than produced by natural sources |
| Certification | is official proof or a credential that shows a person is qualified for a specific job or that an item meets set quality standards. |
| Competent | means having enough skill, knowledge, or ability to do something well or to the required standard |
| Confidentiality | is the ethical or legal duty to keep private information secret and restrict its access to unauthorized people. |
| Inventory | is a complete list of items or the stock of goods and materials that a business holds for production, resale, or daily operations |
| Personal Inventory | an official, physical count and record of all controlled substances owned, possessed, or controlled by an individual practitioner or registrant at a specific location. |
| Professional | is a person who has a job requiring special education, skill, or training, or someone who gets paid for an activity that others usually do as a hobby |
| Scope of Practice | defines the procedures, actions, and services that a healthcare professional is legally permitted to perform based on their specific license, education, and training |
| Technicians | a skilled worker who specializes in the practical application, installation, maintenance, and repair of complex technical systems, machinery, or equipment |
| In earliest times, medicine was based in | magic and religion |
| Summerians living around 4,000 BC believed that | demons were the cause of illness. |
| In many cultures, physicians were priests, | and sometimes considered as gods. |
| Imhotep (born 3,000 BC) | became the Egyptian god of medicine |
| Hippocrates | Proposed that disease came form natural, not supernatural causes. |
| Hippocrates | Established the theory of humors which needed to be imbalanced for good health (blood, phlegm, black bile, yellow bile) |
| Beyond Hippocrates | an approach to medicine in which natural causes were examined specifically, gradually grew to become the dominant approach to treating human illness. |
| Sources of Drugs | Drugs come from various sources |
| Drug Sources | Natural, Synthetic, Synthesized, Semisynthetic |
| Synthetic | Created artifically |
| Synthesized | (created artifically but in imitation of naturally occurring substances) |
| Semisynthetic | (containing both natural and synthetic components). |
| Ethroxylon coca | Cocaine |
| Papver somniferum | Morphine |
| Canabis sativa | THS |
| Nicotinia tabacum | Nicotine |
| Salix nigra | Salicylic acid |
| Maliaria | One of the most deadly disease in world's history |
| Malaria | Still deadly in developing countries |
| Malaria | First medicine was obtained from Bark of a Preuvian Tree |
| Cinchona - Quinine | Jesuite's powder |
| Indians of the Andes used to chew ---- for its medicinal effects and also to increase endurance. | Coco leaves |
| Carl Koller | a Viennese suregon in 1884 used it as the first local anesthetic which revolutionized surgery and denistry. |
| Because of its harmful properties when abused, other synthetic subsitutes were ---- and ---- | procain (Novacain); Lidocain |
| The ancient Greek physician ---- both wrote about the pain relieving ability of a plant. | ippocrates' Dioscorides |
| The ----- grew in the Mediterranean | The bark of a white willow tree |
| The active ingredient was identified more than 2,0000 years later and called | salicyclic acid |
| Because of the difficulty of taking salicyclic acid by mouth, -----was developed synthetically (man-made) | acetysalcyclic acid; asprin |
| Asprin; Acetysalcyclic Acid | The most widely used drug in the world. |
| Pharmacology | The study of drugs (from the Greek pharmakon means drug) |
| Pharmacognosy | The study of phyiscal, chemical, biochemical and biological properties of drugs as well as drugs from natural sources. |
| Pharmacopeia | An official listing of drugs and issues related to their use. |
| Pharmaceutical | Of or about drugs; also a drug product. |
| Panacea | A cure-all (from the Greek panakeia) |
| Materia Medica | A dictionary of medicinal plants. |
| Dioscorides (First Century) | Wrote al the first standard text/manual on drugs called "De Material Medica" (also called Pharmacopeia) |
| Dioscorides | Published 6 boks that covered over 600 plans and their healing properties. |
| Dioscorides | His book was used for 1500 years |
| Galen | Conducted animal experiments |
| Galen | Produced a systematic classification of drugs for treatment of disease. |
| Galenical pharmacy | The first pharmacy |
| Galenical pharmacy | Described the process of creating extracts of active medicinals from plants. |
| William Withering | British Physician, published his study of the ---- |
| Foxglove | active ingredient was digitails. |
| Foxglove | Widely used for heart failure |
| Foxglove | Now called "Digoxin" |
| Bush | used Digoxin |
| Boylston (18th Century) | The first person to administer smallpox vaccine. |
| Serturner (19th Century) | Extracts morphine from opium |
| Pasteur (19th Century) | was the first scientist who Showed that heat can be used to kill microorganisms associated with food spoilage. |
| Banting & Best (20th Century) | Show that insulin lowers blood sugar in dogs and became a known drug to treat diabetes. |
| Boylston | The first person to administer smallpox vaccine. |
| Serturner | Extracts morphine from opium. |
| Pastuer | was the first scientest who Showed that heat can be used to kill microorganisms associated with food spoilaeg. |
| Banting & Best | Show that insulin lowers blood sugar in dogs and became a known drug to treat diabetes. |
| Alexander Fleming | discovered a fungus which produces a chemical that kills bacteria. (Pencillin) |
| Pencillin | was the first antiobiotic drug |
| Pencillin | A pharmaceutical company Pfizer developed a method to mass produce it, and it was used to save milions of lives during the World War era. |
| Watson and Crick (1950) | are the two people who identified structure of DNA genetic make up. |
| 1960-1990) | The first birth control pill was introduced. |
| AZT | becomes the first drug approved by the FDA for AIDS treatment. |
| HAART (Highly Active Antireoviral Therapy) | is introduced for AIDS treatment. |
| The average lifespan in the United States increased by over twenty years in the | 20th Century |
| 1900 | - early 50's......... 2000 - 77.9 years. |
| A major factor in the increased health and life expectancy seen i this century was the dramatic | growth in pharmaceutical medicine |
| With the increasing avaiability of powerful drugs, their --- became more important than ever. | regulation. |
| Food and Drug Administration (FDA) | was established in response to this need to regulate the sale and use of medication in the US. |
| A major factor in the increased health and life expectancy seen in this century, was the dramatic | growth in pharmaceutical medicine. |
| With the increasing availability of powerful drugs, their ---- became more important than ever. | regulation. |
| Food and Drug Administration (FDA) | was established in response to this need to regulate the sale and use of medication in the US. |
| The FDA monitors drugs ----- in the United States. | before a drug is marketed. |
| Post Marketing Surveillance | FDA also monitors after the drug is approved for sale to the public for any adverse effects |
| Recalls | drugs if they have proven dangerous within public safety. |
| Pharmaceutical companies spend --- of their income on research and development. | 1/6 |
| Bringing drugs to market is a long and difficult process. ---- must be tried. | Thousands of chemicals |
| Drugs ---- process before it can be made available to the public | must go through an extensive testing and approval |
| The length of time from the beginning of development through testing and to ultimate FDA approval is often | more than ten years. |
| OBRA '90 | requires that pharmacist counsel all Medicaid patients. |
| Prescription | is a written or electronic order for a drug product by a licensed prescriber to treat a patient. |
| Prescriptions | filled increased by 27% while the number of pharmacists increased by 15% |
| A pharmacy technician, also called the | Pharmacy asssistant |
| Pharmacy Tech | Works in a pharmacy |
| Pharmacy Tech | Works under the direct supervision of a licensed pharmacist. |
| Pharmacy Tech | Assists in pharmacy activities that do not require the professional judgement of a pharmacist. |
| The pharmacist provides | Final check on the original prescription with the medication bottle and label. & Patient counseling (regal responsibility) |
| Pharmacy Technicians Role | Recieving prescriptions, using computer, inventory control, taking patient information, filling prescriptions, ordering, compounding, working with a team of healthcare professionals |
Created by:
Russells3709