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Med 229 Chapt. 55
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the term for the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1ºC? | calorie |
| Which of the following is the most essential nutrient for building and repairing cells and tissue? | protein |
| How many amino acids are considered "essential" because they cannot be made by the body and must be supplied by food? | 9 |
| Which of the following is a function of proteins? | They assist in maintaining the body's water balance. |
| The body makes protein out of ________ | amino acids |
| It is recommended that what percentage of an individual's total daily caloric intake be made up of protein? | 10% to 35% |
| Which of the following provide two-thirds of a person's daily energy needs? | carbohydrates |
| It is recommended that what percentage of an individual's total daily caloric intake be made up of carbohydrates? | 45% to 65% |
| Which of the following can be converted to glucose and used for immediate fuel? | carbohydrates |
| After the body's carbohydrate reserves are depleted, which of the following does the body burn? | fat |
| Which of the following is a function of fiber? | It absorbs organic wastes and toxins in the body so they can be expelled. |
| Which of the following are either stored in the liver and muscle cells as glycogen or converted and stored as fat? | carbohydrates |
| Which of the following helps treat and prevent constipation, hemorrhoids, diverticular disease, and irritable bowel syndrome? | fiberCorrect |
| Which of the following nutrients, if low in a patient’s diet, can result in an increased risk of colon cancer, hypercholesterolemia, and increased blood glucose levels? | fiber |
| Which of the following is the daily recommendation of fiber for adults? | 14 grams per 1000 calories |
| Which of the following is essential for fiber to work properly in the body? | adequate water intake |
| Which of the following contains 9 calories per gram? | fat |
| Which of the following are functions of lipids? | They provide a concentrated source of heat and energy. |
| Which of the following are characteristic of saturated fats? | They are derived from animal sources and are solid at room temperature. |
| Which of the following are saturated fats? | coconut and palm oils |
| An excess of which of the following can lead to increased levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood. | lipids |
| Which of the following contain unsaturated fats? | corn oil and olive oil |
| An increased intake of soluble fiber, a decrease in the dietary intake of saturated fats, and exercise result in ________ | reduced cholesterol levels |
| Which of the following are organic substances that are essential for normal body growth and maintenance and resistance to infection? | vitamins |
| Which of the following are natural, inorganic substances the body needs to help build and maintain body tissues and carry on life functions? | minerals |
| Major minerals the body needs in fairly large quantities include ________ | calcium and phosphorus |
| Which of the following builds healthy bones and teeth, aids in blood clotting, and helps nerves and muscles function? | calcium |
| What nutrient is essential for the production of red blood cells? | iron |
| Which of the following plays a vital role in the activities of the thyroid hormones? | iodine |
| A deficiency in which of the following can cause anemia? | iron |
| Which of the following are good dietary sources of iron? | liver, egg yolks, fortified breads and cereals, and dark green vegetables |
| Which mineral is found in dairy products, green leafy vegetables, broccoli, legumes, and the soft bones of sardines and salmon? | calcium |
| Which mineral works with vitamin E to aid metabolism, growth, and fertility? | selenium |
| A deficiency in which mineral causes a goiter? | iodine |
| Which vitamin aids in night vision, cell growth and maintenance, and normal reproductive function? | vitamin A |
| Which vitamin aids in blood clotting and bone growth? | vitamin K |
| Another name for vitamin B1 is ________ | thiamine |
| A deficiency in which vitamin causes beriberi, digestive problems, muscle weakness, nervous disorders, and heart failure? | vitamin B1 |
| Another name for vitamin C is ________ | ascorbic acid |
| A deficiency in vitamin B12 causes ________ | pernicious anemia and irreversible liver damage |
| Which vitamin is an intracellular antioxidant, maintains cell structures, and aids in the formation of red blood cells? | vitamin E |
| Which vitamin builds bones and teeth and is found in egg yolks, butter, and fortified milk? | vitamin D |
| Which of the following is a function of water? | It helps maintain fluid balance in the body and regulates body temperature. |
| Which instruction would be included when educating patients about daily water requirements? | Encourage patients to drink six to eight glasses of water. |
| Which of the following, supplied mainly by salt, maintains fluid and acid-base balance? | sodium |
| Which of the following is important in the maintenance of muscle contraction and is found in foods such as bananas, raisins, and oranges? | potassium |
| The most common food allergens include ________ | wheat, milk, eggs, and chocolate |
| Which of the following is especially important to increase in the diet of patients with cancer to help replace cells destroyed by cancer treatments? | proteins |
| Which instruction would be beneficial to include in nutritional therapy for patients with hypertension? | Restrict sodium intake to 2 to 3 g per day. |
| Jessica is 24 years old, weighs 234 pounds, and has just been diagnosed with hypertension. The licensed practitioner prescribed a mild antihypertensive medication and asked you to help educate Jessica about lifestyle changes and behavior modification for | Advise her to eat slowly and have five or six small meals daily. |
| Lisa has just found out that she is pregnant. This is her first pregnancy, and she wants to be sure to do everything right. She tells you, "I know I should not have any alcohol, and I have never been a smoker, but what about food? Is there anything I shou | "Eat an additional 10 to 15 g of protein a day." |
| A diet that consists of tea, broth, non-citrus juices, carbonated beverages, popsicles, and gelatin is a ________ | clear-liquid diet |
| David has been having increasingly frequent migraine headaches. The practitioner will do further tests to determine if there is an underlying physical cause. While the tests are being done, what might the practitioner suggest to try to reduce the frequenc | Restrict consumption of aged cheeses, red wine, and beer. |
| Your sister has just returned from an appointment with her healthcare provider. She informs you that she was diagnosed with a peptic ulcer and has been prescribed a bland diet for the next 7 to 10 days. She says, "This shouldn't be too hard. I love snacki | "Raw fruits and vegetables are among the foods you should avoid on a bland diet." |
| Which of the following is a sign or symptom of anorexia nervosa? | cessation of menstruation |
| Which of the following behaviors might a patient with an eating disorder exhibit or mention in conversation? | uses laxatives, excessive exercise, vomiting, or diuretics for weight control |
| Which of the following is a criterion to identify fad diets? | They promise ease and comfort in weight loss. |
| Which of the following is a sign or symptom of bulimia? | excessive use of laxatives or diuretics |
| Which of the following is a recommendation from the American Cancer Society's nutritional and physical activity guidelines? | Keep your weight within the healthy range, and avoid weight gain in adult life. |
| A measure of body fat based on height and weight that is often used in assessing nutritional levels is the ________ | body mass index |
| The optimal percentage of body fat for females younger than age 50 is ________ | 14% to 23% |
| What is the optimal percentage of body fat for a 55-year-old male? | 12% to 19% |
| In which type of special diet is food intake increased to provide 3000 to 5000 calories per day? | high-calorie, high-protein diet |
| Which of the following would you include in patient education about changes in nutritional recommendations? | Nutritional recommendations change when new research is performed and verified. |
| A patient who is lactose sensitive should be instructed to avoid which of the following in their diet? | dairy |
| To prepare a patient on how to treat a mild allergic reaction to food, which over-the-counter medication would be recommended? | Benadryl |
| Sodium, potassium, and chloride are examples of ________ | Electrolytes |
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