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EndocrineHematologic
Anatomy, conditions, and treatment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Endocrine system | Controls hormones in the body for hometostasis |
| Hematologic system | Controls blood and its filtration in the body |
| DM1 | Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 |
| DM2 | Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 |
| Diabetes Type1 | Chronic condition where the body is unable to produce its own insulin |
| Diabetes Type 2 | Condition that normally develops later in life where the body does not produce enough insulin or is insulin resistant |
| Diabetes Type 1 treatment | Daily insulin injections (normally given through a pump they wear) and daily BGL checks (also typically worn on the skin) |
| Diabetes Type 2 treatment | Daily insulin injections, medications like Metformin or GLP1s, dieting, and exercise |
| Hypothyroidism | Condition where thyroid doesn't work enough |
| Hyperthyroidism | Condition where thyroid works too much |
| Cortisol | Stress hormone |
| Thyroid storm | Life-threatening condition where all vitals spike (tachycardia, hypertension, high body temp, etc) |
| Myxedema coma | Life-threatening condition where all metabolism function drops (bradycardia, hypotension, low body temp, respiratory depression, etc) |
| Normal BGL range | 70-120 |
| DKA | Diabetic Ketoacidosis |
| Kussmaul respirations | Common in DKA patients, deep and rapid because body is trying to breathe off excess acid |
| Vaso-occlusive crisis | Condition where pain and ischemia are caused by sickle cell shaped RBC |
| RBC | Red Blood Cell |
| WBC | White Blood Cell |
| Platelet function | Responsible for blood clotting |
| RBC function | Carry oxygen + nutrients to tissues and carry waste away from tissues |
| WBC function | Fight infections |
| Erythyrocyte | Red blood cell |
| Leukocyte | White blood cell |
| Thrombocyte | Platelet |
| Hemoglobin | Specific protein in RBC that oxygen attaches to |
| Anemia | Low iron in the blood leading to low oxygen in the blood too |
| What population is most likely to have anemia? | Women |
| Hemophilia A | Genetic bleeding disorder where body cannot form blood clots properly |
| What type of shock would a Hemophilia A patient be most likely to go into? | Hemorrhagic |
| Thrombophilia | Medical condition where body produces many clots |
| Sickle cell disease | Genetic condition where blood cells are misshapen which obstructs proper blood flow |
| Polydipsia | Excessive thirst |
| Polyuria | Excessive urination |
| Dyspepsia | Indigestion |
| DVT | Deep Vein Thrombosis |
| Deep Vein Thrombosis | Blood clots form in the deeper veins of the body, can be life-threat if the clots move to other parts of the body or cut off blood flow |
| Adrenal gland | Glands that send out hormones to regulate metabolism and stress response |
| How should sickle cell crisis patients be transported? | Position of comfort |
| Polyphagia | Excessive hunger |
| HHS | Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State |
| Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State | High blood sugar that leads to excessive thirst + urination = severe dehydration. Similar to DKA, but ketones are not made in HHS |
| Typical skin condition for hypoglycemia | Cool and clammy |
| Typical skin condition for hyperglycemia | Hot and dry |
| Diabetic coma | Condition where blood sugar has gotten so high that the patient has entered a coma state |
| Insulin shock | Condition where blood sugar is very low due to high insulin |
| Glucagon | Hormone that raises blood sugar |
| Leukemia | Blood cancer that originates in the bone marrow |
| Where are new RBCs produced? | Bone marrow |
| What is the normal blood pH? | 7.35-7.45 |
Created by:
santafecollegeemt