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1º ESO Unit 1
The universe
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Universe: | All of space, time, matter, and energy that exists, including all stars, planets, and galaxies. |
| The Big Bang Theory | : The leading scientific model explaining the origin of the universe from a massive expansion billions of years ago. |
| Galaxy: | A massive system bound by gravity, containing millions or billions of stars, dust, and gas. |
| Solar System: | A gravitationally bound system consisting of a central star (the Sun) and the objects that orbit it. |
| Astro (Celestial Body): | Any natural physical body located outside Earth's atmosphere, such as a star, planet, moon, or asteroid. |
| Star: | A luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own gravity that generates energy through nuclear reactions. |
| Asteroid Belt: | A torus-shaped region located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, where most asteroids in our Solar System are found. |
| Kuiper Belt: | A vast region of icy bodies beyond Neptune's orbit, containing dwarf planets and minor objects. |
| Space Clutter (Space Debris / Space Junk): | Defunct human-made objects, fragments, or natural rocky debris floating in space |
| Ring of Matter: | A disc of dust, gas, and rocks orbiting a star before consolidating into planets or moons. |
| Matter: | Anything that occupies space and has mass; the physical substance of the universe. |
| Condensation: | The physical process in which a gas cools down and transitions into a liquid or solid structure, vital in early cloud and planet formation. |
| Meteorite: | A solid piece of debris from an object (such as an asteroid or comet) that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the atmosphere to reach the surface. |
| Comet. | : A small, icy celestial body that releases gases and dust as it travels close to the Sun |
| Evaporation: | The transformation of liquid water into gas or water vapor when heated. |
| Atmosphere: | The layer of gases surrounding a planet, held in place by gravitational pull. |