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PSYCH UNIT 2 PT 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anterograde amnesia | an inability to form new memories |
| Constructive memory | process by which we first recall a generalized schema and then add in specific details |
| Context-dependent memory | theory that information learned in a particular situation or place is better remembered when in that same situation or place |
| Deep encoding | encoding based on an event's meaning as well as connections between the new event and past experience |
| Déjà vu | illusion that involves a feeling of familiarity with a current experience, even though you know it's not possible |
| Distributed practice | spacing the study of material to be remembered by including breaks between study periods |
| Effortful processing | encoding that requires attention and conscious effort |
| Episodic memory | memory for one's personal past experiences |
| Explicit memory | the conscious, intentional recollection of factual information, previous experiences, and concepts |
| Fixation | the inability to see a problem from a new perspective, by employing a different mental set |
| Framing | the way an issue is posed |
| Implicit memory | information that we do not store purposely and is unintentionally memorized |
| Interleaving | process where students mix, or interleave, multiple subjects or topics while they study in order to improve their learning |
| Long-term memory | the relatively permanent storage of information |
| Massed practice | schedule in which studying continues for long periods, without interruption; cramming |
| Memory retention | ability to recall information over time |
| Metacognition | awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes; thinking about thinking |
| Misinformation effect | occurs when misleading information has distorted one's memory of an event |
| Mood-congruent memory | tendency to remember experiences that are consistent with one's current mood and overlook or forget experiences that are not |
| Phonological loop | the part of working memory that holds and processes verbal and auditory information |
| Proactive interference | occurs when previously learned information interferes with the ability to acquire or retrieve new information |
| Reliability | the extent to which a test yields consistent results |
| Repression | keeping distressing thoughts and feelings buried in the unconscious |
| Retrieval cues | stimuli that aid the recall or recognition of information stored in memory |
| Retroactive interference | the disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information |
| Retrograde amnesia | an inability to retrieve information from one's past |
| Serial position effect | our tendency to recall the last and first items in a list |
| Short-term memory | temporary storage system that holds a limited amount of information for a short period of time |
| Standardization | defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group |
| State-dependent memory | phenomenon through which memory retrieval is most efficient when an individual is in the same state of consciousness as they were when the memory was formed |
| Testing effect | the finding that long-term memory is increased when some of the learning period is devoted to retrieving the to-be-remembered information |
| Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon | the temporary inability to remember something you know, accompanied by a feeling that it's just out of reach |
| Validity | the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to |
| Visuospatial sketchpad | a storage component of working memory that maintains visual images and spatial layouts |
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10288398