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Mangt 220
Ch. 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Understanding General Environment Conditions: Political Environment | Government stability, international trade incentives, international trade controls, economic communities |
| Economic Environment | Resource allocation process, property ownership, natural resources, infrastructure |
| Cultural environment | Values, Symbols, Beliefs, Language |
| Licensing | Licensing agreement is where a local firm pays a fee to a foreign firm for rights to make or sell its products. |
| Franchising | when one business owner sells to another the right to operate the same business in a different location. |
| Joint venture | operate in a foreign country through co-ownership by foreign and local partners. |
| Green field investment | are foreign subsidiaries built from the ground up by the foreign owner. |
| Acquisition | where the outside firm purchases an entire local operation. |
| Social Orientation | Relative importance of the interests of the individual vs. the interests of the group. |
| Individualism | The interests of the individual take precedence. |
| Collectivism | The interests of the group take precedence |
| Power Orientation | The appropriateness of power/authority within organizations |
| Power Respect | Authority is inherent in one’s position within a hierarchy |
| Power Tolerance | Individuals assess authority in view of its perceived rightness or their own personal interests. |
| Goal Orientation | What motivates people to achieve different goals |
| Masculine Culture | Value materials possessions, money, and assertiveness. |
| Feminine Culture | Value quality of life and the welfare of others. |
| Uncertainty orientation | Measures a society’s tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. |
| Uncertainty acceptance | Tolerant of different opinions, few rules as possible, positive, response to change. |
| Uncertainty avoidance | Prefer structure and a consistent routine, many rules and strict laws. |
| Time orientation | Measures short-term or long-term outlook of life and work. |
| Long-term | Fosters pragmatic virtues oriented towards future rewards. |
| Short-term | Fosters virtues related to the past & present. |
| Indulgence orientation | Measures degree of control a society has on impulses and needs for gratification. |
| Indulgent culture | A society that allows gratification, leisure time, having fun, and enjoying life. |
| Restrained culture | A society that suppresses gratification and regulates it through strict social norms. |