Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
APUSH ch 4-6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was mercantilism? | Economic system where colonies existed to increase the wealth and power of the mother country. |
| What were the Navigation Acts? | British laws requiring colonial trade to benefit England and often use English ships. |
| What was the Middle Passage? | Brutal Atlantic voyage that transported enslaved Africans to the Americas. |
| What was the Barbados Slave Code of 1661? | Law defining enslaved Africans as property and giving slaveholders extensive power over them. |
| How did slavery become racialized in the colonies? | Laws increasingly made slavery permanent, hereditary, and based on African ancestry. |
| What was King Philip's War? | 1675 war between New England colonists and Native groups led by Metacom. |
| Who was Metacom (King Philip)? | Wampanoag leader who fought New England colonists in King Philip's War. |
| Why was King Philip's War significant? | It devastated Native communities and expanded English control of New England land. |
| What was the Glorious Revolution? | 1688 overthrow of James II that brought William and Mary to the English throne. |
| What did the English Bill of Rights establish? | It limited the monarch's power and strengthened Parliament. |
| What was the Dominion of New England? | James II's attempt to combine northern colonies and increase royal control. |
| Who was Sir Edmund Andros? | Unpopular royal governor of the Dominion of New England. |
| What happened to the Dominion after the Glorious Revolution? | Colonists overthrew Andros and the Dominion collapsed. |
| What was a proprietary colony? | A colony granted by the king to an individual or group who governed it. |
| Who founded Pennsylvania? | William Penn, a Quaker who promoted religious tolerance. |
| Who were the Quakers? | Religious group emphasizing equality, pacifism, and the "inner light." |
| What was the Germantown Quaker Petition? | 1688 Quaker protest against slavery, one of the earliest antislavery statements in America. |
| What happened to New Netherland? | England conquered the Dutch colony in 1664 and renamed it New York. |
| What was Bacon's Rebellion? | 1676 Virginia uprising of frontier settlers led by Nathaniel Bacon. |
| What caused Bacon's Rebellion? | Frontier settlers wanted Native land and believed Governor Berkeley favored wealthy planters. |
| Why was Bacon's Rebellion important? | It exposed class tensions and encouraged Virginia elites to rely more heavily on enslaved African labor. |
| What was the Pueblo Revolt? | 1680 Native revolt led by Popé that drove the Spanish from New Mexico temporarily. |
| What did the Pueblo Revolt demonstrate? | Native peoples could organize successful resistance against European colonization. |
| What were the Salem Witch Trials? | 1692 Massachusetts trials in which people were accused and convicted of witchcraft. |
| What contributed to the Salem Witch Trials? | Religious tension, social conflict, fear, and accusations within the community. |
| What was the Yamasee War? | 1715 conflict between South Carolina colonists and Native groups led by the Yamasee. |
| Why was the Yamasee War significant? | It weakened Native power in the region and pushed Carolina toward greater reliance on African slavery. |
| What was the Walking Purchase of 1737? | Pennsylvania used a questionable land agreement to take a large amount of Lenape territory. |
| What was a major result of the Walking Purchase? | It damaged Lenape-colonial relations and pushed some Lenape toward alliances with the French. |
| What was the Consumer Revolution? | Increase in colonists buying imported goods, connecting them more closely to the British Atlantic economy. |
| What was commodity money? | Useful goods such as tobacco used as money when coins were scarce. |
| Why did colonists use bills of credit? | Colonial governments issued paper money because hard currency was scarce. |
| What was salutary neglect? | Britain's loose enforcement of colonial trade laws, allowing colonists substantial self-government. |
| How did salutary neglect affect the colonies? | Colonists became accustomed to managing their own political and economic affairs. |
| What were the three main types of colonial government? | Royal/provincial, proprietary, and charter colonies. |
| What was the House of Burgesses? | Virginia's elected colonial assembly and an early example of representative government. |
| Who could usually vote in colonial America? | Primarily white male property owners, though requirements varied by colony. |
| What was coverture? | Legal system where a married woman's legal identity and property rights were largely controlled by her husband. |
| What was primogeniture? | Inheritance system in which the eldest son received the family's main estate. |
| What was the Stono Rebellion? | 1739 South Carolina uprising by enslaved Africans seeking freedom. |
| What was a result of the Stono Rebellion? | South Carolina strengthened its slave codes and restrictions on enslaved people. |
| What was the Great Awakening? | 1730s–1740s religious revival emphasizing emotional faith and personal conversion. |
| Who was Jonathan Edwards? | Great Awakening preacher famous for "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God." |
| Who was George Whitefield? | Popular traveling preacher who helped spread the Great Awakening through the colonies. |
| Who were the New Lights? | People who supported the emotional revival style of the Great Awakening. |
| Who were the Old Lights? | Traditional religious leaders who opposed Great Awakening revivalism. |
| How did the Great Awakening affect colonial society? | It challenged traditional authority and created shared experiences across colonial boundaries. |
| Who was John Locke? | Enlightenment thinker who argued people possessed natural rights and governments required consent. |
| What were Locke's natural rights? | Life, liberty, and property. |
| What is the social contract? | Government receives authority from the people and must protect their rights. |
| How did Enlightenment ideas influence colonists? | They encouraged colonists to question authority and emphasize natural rights and representative government. |
| How did print culture affect colonial America? | Newspapers, pamphlets, and books spread information and political ideas more widely. |
| Why was Benjamin Franklin important to colonial culture? | Printer, writer, scientist, and civic leader who represented Enlightenment values. |
| What was the Haudenosaunee or Iroquois Confederacy? | Powerful alliance of Native nations that used diplomacy to protect its interests. |
| What was the Covenant Chain? | Diplomatic alliance between the Haudenosaunee and English colonies, especially New York. |
| What caused the French and Indian War? | Britain and France competed for land and influence, especially in the Ohio River Valley. |
| What was the Jumonville Affair? | 1754 clash involving George Washington that helped ignite the French and Indian War. |
| What happened to General Braddock in 1755? | His British force was defeated by French and Native forces near Fort Duquesne. |
| What was the Albany Congress of 1754? | Meeting where colonies discussed defense and relations with the Haudenosaunee. |
| What was Benjamin Franklin's Albany Plan of Union? | Proposal for colonies to unite under a central government for defense; colonies rejected it. |
| What happened at the Battle of Quebec in 1759? | British forces under Wolfe defeated French forces under Montcalm. |
| What did the Treaty of Paris of 1763 do? | Ended the French and Indian War and gave Britain control of most French territory in North America. |
| How did the French and Indian War change Britain's relationship with its colonies? | Britain gained land but huge debt led it to increase colonial control and taxation. |
| What was Pontiac's War? | 1763 Native resistance against British expansion around the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley. |
| Who was Neolin? | Native religious leader whose teachings encouraged resistance to European influence. |
| What was the Proclamation of 1763? | British order restricting colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. |
| Why did colonists dislike the Proclamation of 1763? | Many wanted western land and believed victory in the war should allow expansion. |
| What was republicanism? | Belief that government should serve the public good and depend on virtuous, independent citizens. |
| How did Whig ideology influence colonists? | It warned that concentrated government power could threaten liberty. |
| What was the Sugar Act of 1764? | British law taxing and regulating sugar and molasses trade to raise colonial revenue. |
| What was the Stamp Act of 1765? | Direct tax requiring stamps on newspapers, legal documents, and other printed materials. |
| Why did the Stamp Act cause major resistance? | Colonists saw it as taxation imposed without consent from their own representatives. |
| What did "no taxation without representation" mean? | Colonists argued Parliament should not tax them because they had no elected representatives there. |
| What was virtual representation? | British claim that Parliament represented all British subjects, even those who did not elect members. |
| What were the Virginia Resolves? | Patrick Henry's resolutions arguing Virginians should be taxed only by their own representatives. |
| What was the Stamp Act Congress? | 1765 intercolonial meeting protesting the Stamp Act and asserting colonial rights. |
| How did colonists protest British taxes? | Petitions, boycotts, non-importation agreements, demonstrations, and sometimes violence. |
| Who were the Sons of Liberty? | Colonial protest organization that resisted British taxation and enforcement. |
| What was the Declaratory Act of 1766? | Law stating Parliament had authority to make laws binding the colonies "in all cases whatsoever." |
| What were the Townshend Acts of 1767? | Taxes on imported goods such as glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea. |
| What was the Boston Massacre? | 1770 confrontation where British soldiers killed five colonists after being confronted by a crowd. |
| Who was Crispus Attucks? | Man of African and Native ancestry killed in the Boston Massacre and remembered as an early patriot martyr. |
| What were the Committees of Correspondence? | Colonial networks that shared information and organized resistance to Britain. |
| What was the Tea Act of 1773? | Law helping the East India Company sell tea directly in the colonies while retaining the tea tax. |
| What was the Boston Tea Party? | 1773 protest where colonists dumped East India Company tea into Boston Harbor. |
| What were the Coercive or Intolerable Acts? | British punishment of Massachusetts after the Boston Tea Party that increased imperial control. |
| How did the Intolerable Acts affect colonial unity? | Other colonies rallied behind Massachusetts and coordinated resistance. |
| What was the First Continental Congress? | 1774 meeting of colonial delegates that organized resistance to the Intolerable Acts. |
| What happened at Lexington and Concord? | April 1775 fighting between British troops and colonial militia began the Revolutionary War. |
| What was the Battle of Bunker Hill? | 1775 battle where Britain won the ground but suffered heavy casualties. |
| What was the Olive Branch Petition? | 1775 final attempt by the Continental Congress to reconcile with King George III. |
| How did King George III respond to colonial rebellion? | He rejected reconciliation and declared the colonies in rebellion. |
| What was Common Sense? | Thomas Paine's 1776 pamphlet arguing for independence and attacking monarchy. |
| Why was Common Sense important? | It made the case for independence understandable and persuasive to ordinary colonists. |
| What did the Declaration of Independence argue? | People have natural rights and may overthrow governments that violate those rights. |
| Who wrote most of the Declaration of Independence? | Thomas Jefferson. |
| What was a major contradiction in Revolutionary ideals? | Colonists demanded liberty while slavery and other inequalities continued. |
| Who were Patriots? | Colonists who supported independence from Britain. |
| Who were Loyalists? | Colonists who remained loyal to Britain during the Revolution. |
| What was the Battle of Saratoga? | 1777 American victory over Burgoyne that became a major turning point in the war. |
| Why was Saratoga a turning point? | It convinced France to openly ally with and support the United States. |
| What did the 1778 alliance with France provide? | French military forces, money, supplies, and crucial naval support. |
| Why was Valley Forge significant? | Washington's army endured severe hardship while training improved under Baron von Steuben. |
| What happened at Yorktown in 1781? | American and French forces trapped Cornwallis, forcing his surrender and ending major fighting. |
| What did the Treaty of Paris of 1783 accomplish? | Britain recognized U.S. independence and U.S. territory extended west to the Mississippi River. |
| What was popular sovereignty? | Principle that government's authority comes from the people. |
| What were the Articles of Confederation? | The first U.S. national government, designed with a weak central government and strong states. |
| What was Republican Motherhood? | Idea that women should raise educated, virtuous citizens needed for the republic. |
| How did women contribute to the Revolution? | They boycotted goods, made homespun, managed farms/businesses, supplied armies, and sometimes served near combat. |
| How did African Americans participate in the Revolution? | Thousands served on both sides, often hoping military service would lead to freedom. |
| What was the biggest political effect of the American Revolution? | Independence and republican government based on popular sovereignty replaced rule by the British monarchy. |
Created by:
Lilyhowes