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Stack #4720868
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Text book definition of sociology | the study of human groups, their origin, development, structure, function, and significance for social life |
| Historical definition of sociology | the physics of society, laws deceiving cause and effect |
| Social science location | sociology lies between psychology and anthropology |
| Berger definition of sociology | passionate curiosity, disciplined by scientific method to explain social interactions between people |
| Mills definition of sociology | the intersection of biography and history to provide insight into someones life especially over social structures in which people have no control over |
| McGinn definition of sociology | a disciplined conversation over the power of groups |
| What is the benefit of sociology and what is Durkheim's view on the power of sociology? | Sociology allows us to better understand ourselves, the world and how the world interacts around us. Durkheim believes it is more power in understanding human behavior than either biology or psychology |
| What is Max Weber's take on ideal types and what is the risk that follows? | Weber says ideal types are groups who members share characteristics and can be studied as a single unit; however, this can have a large rise of stereotyping. |
| Define privilege, and can you control if you do or do not have privilege? | privilege is the access to what you have, you cannot control whether you have it or not, it is just something you do or don't have |
| Define individualism and what is the problem with this perspective? | individualism is the belief that the interests of the individual trumps social aspects, with this comes the issue of neglecting how groups can impacts our beliefs and behaviors |
| Define social system | Any purposeful organized group |
| What is the sociological view of suicide? | the idea that being in different groups affects behavior and that being in a certain group(by choice or not) can lead to an increase in suicide rates; therefore to better understand suciicfde we must look at the group. |
| Describe the individual action vs. systems action diagram | Individual action(agency) makes social systems happen and the social system structure makes us participate in systems that shape our lives and send us along the path of least resistance where we repeat the cycle of an individual action. |
| Define ideology | a set of beliefs, attitudes, and opinions created by groups that may or may not be based on scientific evidence |
| Define what critical thinking means in a sociological context | the ability to step out of our ideologies to maintain an objection stance practicing logic over emotion |
| Define dominant discourse | what people in power say or think about a particulate issue |
| Define culture | the meanings of the system and the behavior that those meanings drive; the way we construct reality within a social systems to assign meaning and the way we believe in relationship |
| Define beliefs | anything society or an individual believes to be true; despite holding any truth |
| Define values | beliefs that designate what is good/bad;better/worse |
| Define norms | values that are reinforced with a social consequences(rewards/punishments) |
| Put values, beliefs, and norms in order and explain relation | beliefs-values-norms |
| Define attitude | an emotional reaction that are based on our beliefs, values and/or norms |
| Define material culture | the physical expression of our beliefs, values, norms, and attitudes(always stuff,/not a person) |
| Define high culture | creative/artistic products of a group or society that reflects its beliefs, values, norms, and attitudes; typically requires specialized knowledge for full understanding |
| What is an example of high culture? | theatre, opera, ballet |
| Define ethnocentrism | the belief that your culture is better than other cultures |
| Define cultural relativity | the idea that ‘to be the best culture’ depends on the subject matter |
| Johnson's definition of status | social job title |
| Weber's definition of status | the degree of honor that a portion holds within society |
| Define role in relation to Johnson's definition of status | social job description |
| What is role conflict and give example | When you hold two roles that have confections positions (boss and friend) |
| Define distributions | what you get in a given structure |
| How does Merton's Theory illustrate the impact of social structure on behavior? | MT: behavior is driven my a mismatch of cultural goals(shared values) and structural access (unequal distributions) |
| How does Family Structure illustrate the impact of social structure on behavior? | Family structural view: a family is a sisal system where portions carry specific roles and power dynamics, a structural change alters how a family interacts with one another |
| James | Conceptualized the social self as the distinct identity a person develops through their interactions and relationships with others. |
| Mead | Defined the self through reflexivity, language, and internalizing the generalized other, showing how individual behavior and action respond directly to others within a social system. |
| Cooley | Focused on primary groups (like family and peers) as the intimate foundations where individuals first learn how they are viewed by others. |
| Park | Saw social roles as positions we claim that actively shape our behavior and identity as we fulfill them. |
| Goffman | Introduced dramaturgy, comparing social interaction to actors performing on a stage where behavior is constantly shaped by and shaping the audience. |
| How does Jazz relate individuals and systems | when you solo you can do whatever, in a jazz group you have to fit into tempo |
| How do we contribute to social inequality? | by following paths of least resistance |
| Compare individualistic and sociological understanding of I love you | the individual view is that when I say I love you to you, "it is uniquely us." In the trees and the forest(sociological context) Alan talks about how this performative language means something in society and the meaning depends on your role |
| Compare individualistic and sociological understanding of not voting | Individual view says that person is a bad American, looking at the issue sociologically tells us that there is likely a reason such as the way someone was raised that can explain this behavior |
| Compare individualistic and sociological understanding of poverty | Those who are poor don't work/are lazy; systems create inequalities that lead to poverty |
| Compare individualistic and sociological understanding of men's violence | Men have issues, make bad choices, it is just in their nature; widespread pattern driven by cultural expectations that link manhood to power, control, and dominance |
| Where does Johnson say racism was first socially constructed? | England |
| According to Johnson, how does social change occur? | When we step off paths of least resistance |
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