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Unit 4 Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What Problems did Farmers face? | Over production, land was scarce, foreclosures of farms, and high railroad prices |
| Farmer's Alliance | It's about farmers. They wanted prices to drop to help farmers ship goods at a cheaper cost. |
| Important Legislation | Government can regulate railroad and interstate trade |
| Employers abuse on workers | Long hours, unsafe working conditions, low wages, and hard to find jobs |
| The problem of Labor Unions | 7-day work weeks, 12 or more hour days. |
| Solution of Labor Unions | Going on strike |
| Rail Road Strike of 1877 | Works for Baltimore and Ohio Railroad struck to protest their second wage cut in two months-President intervenes to end the strike |
| Haymarket Affair | Over 3000 people gather at Chicago's Haymarket Square to protest police brutality-bomb was thrown and several died |
| Pullman Company Strike | Pullman Company laid off 1/2 of their employees (Railroad workers) Cut the wages of the rest without cutting housing costs |
| Collective Bargaining | Negotiations on wages, hours, conditions. Overall wasn't successful because only 4% of workers joined unions |
| Populism | The movement of people |
| Populist Party Platform | Regulate railroads Regulate banking Bimetalism Go after Big Business and government influence |
| Election of 1896 (Republican) | Republicans nominate William McKinley. (Money should be based on Gold standard) |
| Election of 1896 (Democratic) | Democrats nominate William Jennings Bryan. (Bimetallism-Both Gold and silver should be used as money) |
| The issue: Silver or Gold | Paper money=worthless Bimetallism would make more currency available -Stimulate the economy |
| The end of populism | William McKinley becomes the 25th president. His election led to the collapse of populism |
| Industrial Boom due to: | Land, Labor, Capital, Technology, and Entrepreneurship |
| Thomas Eddison | Light Bulb |
| Christopher Sholes | Type writer |
| Alexander graham Bell | Telephone |
| Chinese Immigration Act | Prevented Chinese from immigration |
| Government Supports Business | -Supports business rather than workers -Wages are low -Prices of goods were high -Business benefiting, workers suffering |
| Pacific Railway Act | Government paid for the building of the transcontinental Railroad |
| Impact on Buffalo from railroads | Workers killed the majority of buffalo. Native Americans dependent on Buffalo |
| Massacre at Wounded Knee | U.S military is fearful of a Native Uprise and retaliates. |
| Convict Lease System | Prisons provided Labor to companies |
| Buffalo Soldiers | United States Army Regiment that served on the American Frontier. (Native Americans) |
| Capitalism | Allows for private ownership and the ability to use your property to make a profit |
| Monopolies | Has complete control over its industry's production, wages a price |
| Rail Road Industry | Dominated by Cornelius Vanderbilt |
| Central Pacific Railroad employed thousands of: | Chinese Immigrants |
| Union Pacific Railroad hired: | Irish Immigrants and Civil War veterans |
| Steel Industry | Dominated by Andrew Carnedgie |
| Oil Industry | Dominated by John Rockefeller |
| Social Darwinism | Businesses that work well will survive |
| Urbanization | Growth of cities in the regions of the North East and Midwest |
| Immigration challenges | -Finding a place to live -getting a job -getting a long in daily life |
| Boss Tweed/Tammany Hall | A democratic Political machine in NYC that used the spoils system |
| Urban Problems | Housing, Transportation, water, sanitation, crime, and fire. |
| Jacob Riis | His book is called "How The Other Half Lives" |
| Settlement Houses | Community centers in Slum Neighborhoods that assisted people in the area, especially immigrants |
| Jane Addams | One of the most influential members of the reform movements |
| Booker T. Washington | had a gradual approach to education |
| W.E.B Du Bois | Wanted immediate change in education for blacks |
| Ida B. Wells | Led the anti-lynching crusade |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | separation of races in public accommodations was legal |
| Prohibition | Banning of alcoholic beverages |
| protecting children | Reformers worked to protest and to end child labor |
| National Association of Colored Women (NACW) | Founded by African American women who wanted to secure Civil Rights of African Americans, including suffrage. |
| Woman's Suffrage | Led by Susan B. Anthony |
| 19th Amendment | Woman gained the right to vote. |
| Upton Sinclair | Wrote "The Jungle" |
| Trustbusting | Sought to break up trusts and monopolies, looking out for workers' rights |
| Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) | Passed by the Congress; stopped the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling |
| Conservation | Preservation of wildlife areas. Roosevelt promoted it by creating national parks |
| NAACP | Aimed for nothing less than full equality among the races |
| Election of 1912 | Taft and Roosevelt split the republican party vote. Woodrow Wilson win |
| 26th president | Theodore Roosevelt |
| 28th president | Woodrow Wilson |
| Clayton Anti-Trust Act 1914 | Supports Labor unions an workers |
| 16th Amendment 1913 | Established federal income tax |
| 17th Amendment 1913 | direct election of senators by popular votes |
| Federal Reserve Act 1913 | Creates the federal reserve system which acts as the central bank of the U.S |
| Keating-Owen Child Labor Act 1916 | Limited working hours on children and forbade interstate sales of goods produced by child labor |
| Indian Citizenship Act 1924 | Congress granted citizenship to any native Americans born within the United States |
| Immigration Act 1924 | Prevented immigration from Asia and set quotas on the number of immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe. |
| What event ended the Progressive Movement? | World War 1 |
Created by:
MadisonB_1789