Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Research Methods #5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do we do in Preliminary Considerations | we thing which information do we need |
| What are 3 types of response format | 1, open-ended questions 2,closed-ended / MC questions 3,dichotomous questions |
| What are 2 important things in MC/closed-ended questions | 1, Exhaustive = all relevant answers are covered 2,Mutually Exclusive = Answers do not overlap |
| What is Sematic differential scale (2) | 1, scale using two opposite adjectives as endpoint 2, Risky 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Safe |
| What is constant-sum scale | scale to allocate a fixed total point (often 100) to severals attributes according to relative importance |
| What are 1,completely unstructured question 2,word association | 1,completely unstructured question = gives no predefined response structure 2,word association = aks for immediate words or idease associated with a concept |
| What is pictorial scale | uses pictures / symbols (like smiley) rather than only words/numbers |
| What 6 don´ts should we follow when forming questions | 1, Leading >> nudge toward an answer 2, Biasing >> emotionally-loaded wording 3,Implicit assumption >> assuming before asking 4,Double-barreled >> ask 2 thing at once 5,Double-Negative 6,Vague estimated >> unclear words like "often" |
| What are advantages of odd and even scales | odd scale= allows a neutral option even sclae= forces respondents to lean toward one side |
| What is principle of balance in point scales | having symmetrical number of responses on positive and negative side |
| What are 3 reason why correlation is not enough to establish causality | 1, Directionality problem (possible reverse causality) 2,Third-Variable / Common-Cause Problem 3, Confounding / Competing |
| What are 3 conditions for Causality | 1, Concomitant variation = X & Y must change together 2, Temporal Precedence = Cause must happend before the effect 3, Elimination of alternative explanations |
| What is difference between Common-cause third variable & Confounding/Competing cause | Common-Cause = A & B are both caused by C both dont influence each other Confounding = A,B & C are all influencing each other and its own causal effect cant be measured |
| How to execute an experiment to prove causality | 1, researcher manipulated an independent variable 2, select participants randomly into control group = status quo and comparation group = treatment group |
| What is also important when comparing two groups to establish causality | stardardization = hold extraneous factors constant so they do not became alternative explanation |
| What is problem when using between-subjects desing (different participarnts experience different conditions) | Groups may differ because people themselves are different |
| How to "clean" the problem of between-subject design problem | with within-subject design >> participant experience all conditions in random order |
| What is problem with within-subject design | Carry-over/Contamination effect = first condition can affect responses in the second |
| What is internal validity (2) | 1, confidence in the causal conclusion 2, study has high internal validity when alternative explanations are well conrolled |
| What is external validity | generalizability beyond the study "does this aplly elsewhere" |
| What is ecological validity (2) | 1, do findings apply to real-life situations outside the artifical research setting 2,it is narrower term for external validity |
Created by:
semester1.IBWL