How did the first Americans arrive?

Migrated from Asia/Siberia at least 15,000–24,000 years ago through Beringia and Pacific coastal routes.

Land connecting Siberia and Alaska during the Ice Age because sea levels were lower.

East Siberian Arctic Shelf

Exposed land during the Ice Age that helped connect migration routes from Asia toward North America.

White Sands, New Mexico

Ancient human footprints showing people were in North America about 23,000 years ago.

As glaciers melted, sea levels rose and environments changed, causing people to migrate and adapt.

Indigenous accounts explaining a people’s creation, origins, and relationship with the land.

Why are Native origin stories important?

They show Native peoples had their own understandings of their history, often passed down orally.

Haudenosaunee/Lenape traditions describing the creation of North America, including Sky Woman and animals.

Confederacy of the Three Fires

Alliance of the Ojibwe, Odawa, and Potawatomi peoples.

Why did Native cultures become so different?

Different geography, climate, and resources caused societies to develop different lifestyles.

Pacific Northwest peoples

Relied heavily on fishing, especially salmon, and other marine resources.

Plains/Tundra peoples

Relied more heavily on hunting animals such as bison and caribou.

Arctic peoples who adapted to cold environments through hunting, fishing, and marine resources.

Pacific Northwest region whose Indigenous peoples depended heavily on ocean resources and trade.

Coastal Salish Peoples

Pacific Northwest peoples known for fishing, trade, permanent communities, and potlatches.

Elaborate feast used to celebrate events and demonstrate wealth/status; also had political importance.

First Salmon Ceremony

Pacific Northwest ceremony honoring the return of salmon and people’s relationship with nature.

What caused permanent settlements to grow?

Agriculture and surplus food supported larger populations and more complex societies.

First cultivated in Mesoamerica and spread north through trade; became a major Native food source.

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APUSH ch. 1

Question	Answer
How did the first Americans arrive?	Migrated from Asia/Siberia at least 15,000–24,000 years ago through Beringia and Pacific coastal routes.
Beringia	Land connecting Siberia and Alaska during the Ice Age because sea levels were lower.
East Siberian Arctic Shelf	Exposed land during the Ice Age that helped connect migration routes from Asia toward North America.
White Sands, New Mexico	Ancient human footprints showing people were in North America about 23,000 years ago.
Glaciers & migration	As glaciers melted, sea levels rose and environments changed, causing people to migrate and adapt.
Origin stories	Indigenous accounts explaining a people’s creation, origins, and relationship with the land.
Why are Native origin stories important?	They show Native peoples had their own understandings of their history, often passed down orally.
Turtle Island	Haudenosaunee/Lenape traditions describing the creation of North America, including Sky Woman and animals.
Confederacy of the Three Fires	Alliance of the Ojibwe, Odawa, and Potawatomi peoples.
Why did Native cultures become so different?	Different geography, climate, and resources caused societies to develop different lifestyles.
Pacific Northwest peoples	Relied heavily on fishing, especially salmon, and other marine resources.
Plains/Tundra peoples	Relied more heavily on hunting animals such as bison and caribou.
Aleut and Inuit	Arctic peoples who adapted to cold environments through hunting, fishing, and marine resources.
Haida Gwaii	Pacific Northwest region whose Indigenous peoples depended heavily on ocean resources and trade.
Coastal Salish Peoples	Pacific Northwest peoples known for fishing, trade, permanent communities, and potlatches.
Potlatch	Elaborate feast used to celebrate events and demonstrate wealth/status; also had political importance.
First Salmon Ceremony	Pacific Northwest ceremony honoring the return of salmon and people’s relationship with nature.
What caused permanent settlements to grow?	Agriculture and surplus food supported larger populations and more complex societies.
Maize (corn)	First cultivated in Mesoamerica and spread north through trade; became a major Native food source.

Created by: Lilyhowes

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