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Methods Of Pt Test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What tasks are within an RT's scope before an exam? | Confirm and document history, verify identity and consent, explain and prepare the patient, and position or immobilize as needed. |
| What tasks are within an RT's technical scope? | Select appropriate equipment and technique, use radiation protection, and evaluate technical image quality. |
| May an RT diagnose a patient? | No. The RT gathers information and produces images but does not diagnose. |
| May a patient direct the RT to take extra images? | No. Images must follow the order, protocol, scope of practice, and facility policy. |
| What two patient identifiers are commonly used? | Full name and date of birth. A room number is not an identifier. |
| What is general consent? | Permission for routine care, often obtained during admission or registration. |
| What is informed consent? | A competent patient's voluntary permission after receiving the procedure's risks, benefits, and alternatives. |
| When must informed consent be obtained? | Before a high-risk or invasive procedure and before sedation. The patient may withdraw consent at any time. |
| Who consents for a minor or an incompetent patient? | A legal guardian or other legally authorized representative, according to law and policy. |
| What is a felony? | A serious crime that carries a more severe penalty than a misdemeanor. |
| What is a misdemeanor? | A less serious criminal offense than a felony. |
| What is a tort? | A civil wrong that causes harm and may create legal liability. |
| What is false imprisonment? | Restraining or confining a person without legal justification or valid consent. |
| What is the difference between libel and slander? | Libel is written defamation. Slander is spoken defamation. |
| What is assault? | A threat or act that makes a patient reasonably fear harmful or unwanted contact. |
| What is battery? | Intentional, unauthorized touching, including performing a procedure without consent or continuing after consent is withdrawn. |
| What is negligence or malpractice? | Failure to meet the required standard of care; malpractice is professional negligence. |
| What does respondeat superior mean? | An employer may be liable for an employee's actions performed within the scope of employment. |
| What does res ipsa loquitur mean? | The event ordinarily would not occur without negligence, so the circumstances may speak for themselves. |
| Who is responsible for an RT's documentation? | The RT who performed the care or procedure. |
| How do you correct an error in a paper chart? | Draw one line through the error so it remains readable, then add initials and the date. Never erase or obscure it. |
| What belongs in an incident report? | Objective facts only. Do not blame anyone, and do not chart that an incident report was completed. |
| 23. Which matters more: verbal or nonverbal communication? | Both are important. Tone, posture, facial expression, and eye contact can reinforce or contradict words. |
| What is teach-back? | Ask the patient to explain the instructions in their own words to confirm understanding. |
| What is read-back? | Repeat a verbal order or critical message to the sender and receive confirmation that it is correct. |
| How should touch be used during care? | Explain its purpose first and obtain permission when appropriate. |
| How should an RT provide culturally respectful care? | Protect dignity, show respect, ask about preferences, and avoid assumptions or stereotypes. |
| Who should interpret for consent or complex medical information? | A qualified medical interpreter, following facility policy. |
| How should you communicate with a patient who is hard of hearing? | Face the patient, reduce background noise, speak clearly and slowly, and do not shout. |
| How can you communicate with a Deaf patient? | Use the patient's preferred method, such as a qualified sign-language interpreter or written communication. |
| What should you remember about aphasia? | A patient may understand more than they can say. Use simple choices, allow time, and try writing or communication aids. |
| What is an electrolarynx? | A device that creates sound vibrations so a person without a functional larynx can speak |
| How should you communicate with an unconscious or comatose patient? | Assume the patient may hear. Explain care and maintain privacy and respect. |
| What is the key rule for caring for older adults? | Do not assume ability from age. Assess the individual and address hearing, temperature, skin, mobility, confusion, and medication risks. |
| What does DABDA stand for? | Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. |
| What three elements make up the fire triangle? | Heat, fuel, and oxygen. |
| What is the most likely cause of a fire in an imaging department? | An electrical problem |
| What does RACE stand for? | Rescue or remove, Alarm, Contain, and Evacuate or Extinguish according to facility policy |
| What does PASS stand for? | Pull the pin, Aim at the base, Squeeze the handle, and Sweep side to side |
| What do common wristband colors mean in the lecture? | Teal or blue-green: no blood transfusions; purple or magenta: DNR; yellow: fall risk; red: allergy. Always follow local policy. |
| What document gives chemical hazard and cleanup information? | The Safety Data Sheet, formerly called the Material Safety Data Sheet or MSDS. |
| What belongs in a typical spill kit? | Absorbent material, gloves, and disposal bags. A mop is not the typical answer. |
| What should you do for a hazardous chemical spill? | Secure the area, follow the SDS and facility procedure, use the correct spill kit and PPE, and notify the proper personnel. |
| How long should the eyes be flushed after a chemical splash in this lecture? | A full 5 minutes. Follow the course answer and facility procedure. |
| What is ergonomics? | Designing work and equipment to fit the worker and reduce injury. |
| What causes repetitive or cumulative musculoskeletal injury? | Repeated motion, overreaching, force, awkward posture, or staying in one position, which creates microtrauma over time. |
| Which imaging professionals commonly develop repetitive-motion injuries? | Sonographers, because scanning can require repeated force and fixed or awkward positions. |
| What body mechanics create a stable base of support? | Place the feet apart, keep the center of gravity low, and balance the body over the feet. |
| How should a heavy object be lifted? | Bend the knees, keep the back straight, hold the load close, and lift with the legs. |
| Is pushing or pulling usually safer? | Pushing or rolling is usually safer because it reduces strain and lets you use body weight. |
| Is the RT responsible for assessing and directing everyone else's actions during a fire? | No. Follow the emergency plan and perform the RT's assigned duties. |
| What is normal flora? | Microorganisms that normally live on or in the body without causing disease under usual conditions. |
| How are bacteria commonly classified? | By shape, grouping, and oxygen requirements. |
| What type of organism is acid-fast? | A bacterium. |
| What type of organism is yeast? | A fungus. |
| What is an endospore? | A resistant dormant structure that helps certain bacteria survive harsh conditions. |
| What type of organism causes tuberculosis, strep infection, and necrotizing fasciitis? | Bacteria. |
| What is a reservoir? | The place where a pathogen lives, grows, or multiplies. |
| What is a nosocomial infection? | An infection acquired in a hospital or health care setting. |
| What is a fomite? | An inanimate object contaminated with an infectious agent. |
| What are the six links in the chain of infection? | Pathogen, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host. |
| What is airborne transmission? | Spread by droplet nuclei or particles 5 micrometers or smaller that can remain suspended in air. |
| What is droplet transmission? | Spread by larger respiratory droplets, usually over a short distance of about 3 feet in the lecture material. |
| What is passive immunity? | Temporary antibodies received from another source, such as from mother to child or through breast milk. |
| When are Standard Precautions used? | For every patient, regardless of diagnosis or known infection status. |
| What is the most important infection-control action? | Proper hand hygiene. |
| How long should hands be washed with soap and water? | At least 20 seconds. |
| Why is soap and water required for C. difficile? | Alcohol hand rub does not reliably kill the spores. |
| What precautions are used for contact transmission? | Gloves and gown as indicated, dedicated or disinfected equipment, and careful environmental cleaning. |
| What precautions are used for droplet transmission? | A surgical mask and the required eye or face protection according to policy. |
| What precautions are used for airborne transmission? | A fit-tested N95 or higher respirator and a negative-pressure room when available. |
| What is protective or reverse isolation? | Measures used to protect an immunocompromised patient from microorganisms carried by others or the environment. |
| In protective isolation, what does the clean technologist touch? | The patient and the covered image receptor. The dirty technologist handles equipment and the uncovered receptor. |
| In transmission isolation, what does the clean technologist touch? | Equipment and the uncovered image receptor. The dirty technologist touches the patient and the covered receptor. |
| What should you do immediately after a needlestick? | Wash the area, report the exposure at once, and follow the facility's exposure protocol. |
| Should a used needle be recapped? | No. Activate its safety feature and place it directly in a sharps container. |
| What is medical asepsis? | Clean technique that reduces the number and spread of microorganisms. |
| What is surgical asepsis? | Sterile technique that keeps an area or object free of all microorganisms. |
| What is disinfection? | A process that destroys many pathogens on inanimate objects but may not destroy bacterial spores. |
| What is sterilization? | A process that destroys all microorganisms, including bacterial spores. |
| A patient says, ‘Stop. I changed my mind,’ during a procedure. What must the RT do? | Stop when safe. Continuing after consent is withdrawn may constitute battery. |
| An RT tells coworkers a false story that harms a patient's reputation. What tort may apply? | Slander, because the defamatory statement was spoken. |
| A patient repeats discharge instructions incorrectly. What should the RT do? | Re-explain them in simpler language and use teach-back again. |
| A chemical splashes into an RT's eye. What is the course response? | Begin flushing immediately for a full 5 minutes, then follow facility reporting and exposure procedures. |
| A patient has suspected tuberculosis. Which transmission category applies? | Airborne precautions. |
| A portable exam is performed on a patient in transmission isolation. Who handles the covered receptor? | The dirty technologist. |
| An error is found in a paper chart. May correction fluid be used? | No. Use one line through the error and add initials and the date. |
| The room number matches, but the patient's name and DOB do not. Should the exam proceed? | No. Stop and resolve the identity mismatch using two approved identifiers. |
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