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Earth in Space Voc
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Axial tilt | The angle at which Earth is tilted relative to its orbit around the Sun. |
| Composition | Materials and elements that make up celestial bodies and substances in the universe |
| crescent | phase of the moon when less than half of its surface is illuminated by the sun as seen from Earth |
| diameter | distance across the planet passing through its center |
| distance | measurement of space between objects |
| direct sunlight | the uninterrupted beam of light that travels in a straight path from the sun |
| equinox | happens only twice a year, occurs when th position of the Sun is exactly over the Equator; the hours of daylight and the hours of darkness are about equal almost everywhere on Earth |
| full moon | when the entire surface of the moon is illuminated as viewed from Earth |
| gibbous | phase of the moon where it is more than half-illuminated but less than fully illuminated |
| habitable zone | the Goldilocks zone is the region around a star where conditions are just right for liquid water to exist on a planet's surface |
| high tide | when tidal water reaches its highest level |
| intensity | brightness of light; a measure of how much light energy is hitting a surface |
| low tide | when tidal water reaches its lowest level |
| lunar cycle | cycles of moon phases that repeat once a month. The eight lunar phases are new moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, and waning crescent |
| lunar eclipse | the blocking of the sunlight to the moon, which can occur during a full moon |
| lunar phase | one of the distinct stages within that cycle, like New Moon, First Quarter, Full Moon, Last Quarter |
| Neap Tide | Lower than normal high tide that occurs when the first or third quarter moon, Earth, and Sun are at right angles to each other and the gravitational force of the Sun partially offsets the gravitational force of the moon |
| New Moon | When the moon is not visible in the night sky |
| Orbital Motion | the curved motion of an object around another object caused by its forward motion and th pull of gravity |
| orbital period | the time it takes for an object, such as a planet, to make a complete revolution around a central object, such as a star |
| patterns of motion | Motions of the sun, Earth, and moon occur in predictable patterns at regular intervals that explain daily cycles, seasons, tides, and lunar phases |
| penumbra | The lighter, outer part of a shadow cast by a body such as the Moon during a solar eclipse or Earth during a lunar eclipse |
| scale factor | ratio between two corresponding sides of similar shapes; describes how much a shape has been scaled up or down |
| season | one of the four periods of the year on Earth like spring, summer, autumn, and winter |
| solar eclipse | the blocking of the Sun's light that can occur during a new moon when the new moon moves directly between the Sun and Earth |
| solstice | happens only twice a year, in June an din December and marks the longest and shortest day of the year because of the sun's position in the sky |
| spring tide | higher than normal high tide during the month that normally occurs during a new and full moon |
| tide | regular, daily rise and fall of ocean water caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun |
| Tidal bulge | Deformation of the ocean's surface caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun |
| umbra | the inner, darkest part of the Moon's or Earth's shadow |
| Waning | a progressively smaller part of the moon is illuminated, so that it appears to decrease in size |
| waxing | the illuminated side of the moon becomes more and more visible, so that it appears to grow and get bigger |
Created by:
chartley2