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BIO Cells

notes 9.21.26

QuestionAnswer
Light Microscopy (LM) Light passes through the subject to make them visible
Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IF) Uses antibodies to detect specific subcellular structures
Electron Microscopy (EM) Subject is seen by bounding a beam of electrons off it
Transmission Electron Microscopy (tEM) Looks at internal structures
Scanning Electron Microscopy (sEM) Looks at the surface
What traits are exhibited by all cells? Membrane, cytoplasm, at least 1 chromosome, ribosomes, cell wall
What is the function of ribosomes? Makes proteins
Cytosol Found in cytoplasm, gel-like water based fluid that organelles float in
Nucleus Stores genetic information, directs cellular activity
Nuclear envelope double membrane barrier, protects genetic material in nucleus
Nuclear pore Protein channels in envelope, controls traffic of molecules between nucleus & cytoplasm
Chromatin Combo of DNA & protein, packages long DNA strands into compact shape
Nucleolus membrane-free structure, produces & assembles robosomes
Ribosome Made of RNA & proteins, builds proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum Network of sacs that processes proteins & synthesizes lipids
Golgi Apparatus Modifies/sorts/packages proteins&lipids to deliver to other parts of cell
Lysosome Holds digestive enzymes to break down waste
Vacuole Sac that stores water, nutrients, waste
Mitochondrion Converts nutrients into energy
Chloroplast Converts sunlight into chemical energy using photosynthesis
Cytoskeleton network of protein fibers. gives cell shape, physical support, ability to move
Microtubules hollow cylinder, maintains cell shape & structural resistance to compression
Intermediate filaments Rope like structures that provide mechanical strength & structural integrity
Microfilaments Dense network just beneath membrane to give mechanical strength & shape
Centrosome Main microtubule organizer (shape, transport, division)
Centriole pair of barrel shaped structures perpendicular to each other, organize microtubules & facilitare cell division
Cilia & flagella hair-like structures on cells that help wit movement, sensing, & cleaning materials
Microvilli finger-like projections of membrane that increase surface area. maximize absorption & secretion
Cell wall outer layer that surrounds cell membrane for protection
Extracellular matrix 3D network of proteins & carbohydrates that surrounds cells, provides structural & biochemical support
Created by: user-2060103
 

 



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