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Rad 101 Final Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does ALARA stand for? | As Low As Reasonably Achievable; radiation exposure should be minimized while still producing a diagnostic image. |
| What are the three basic principles of radiation protection? | Time, distance, and shielding. |
| How does time reduce radiation exposure? | Spending less time near a radiation source decreases the amount of exposure received. |
| How does distance reduce radiation exposure? | Increasing the distance from a radiation source decreases exposure. |
| What is the purpose of radiation shielding? | To absorb or block radiation and reduce exposure to patients and workers. |
| How can a radiographer reduce unnecessary patient exposure? | Use proper collimation, correct exposure factors, accurate positioning, and avoid unnecessary repeats. |
| What is occupational radiation exposure? | Radiation exposure received by a person as part of their job. |
| What does ALARA stand for? | As Low As Reasonably Achievable; radiation exposure should be minimized while still producing a diagnostic image. |
| What are the three basic principles of radiation protection? | Time, distance, and shielding. |
| How does time reduce radiation exposure? | Spending less time near a radiation source decreases the amount of exposure received. |
| How does distance reduce radiation exposure? | Increasing the distance from a radiation source decreases exposure. |
| What is the purpose of radiation shielding? | To absorb or block radiation and reduce exposure to patients and workers. |
| How can a radiographer reduce unnecessary patient exposure? | Use proper collimation, correct exposure factors, accurate positioning, and avoid unnecessary repeats. |
| What is occupational radiation exposure? | Radiation exposure received by a person as part of their job. |
| What is direct radiation action? | Radiation interacts directly with important cellular structures and causes damage. |
| What is indirect radiation action? | Radiation interacts with water molecules and creates free radicals that can damage cells. |
| What is a deterministic effect? | A radiation effect that has a threshold dose and becomes more severe as the dose increases. |
| What is a stochastic effect? | A radiation effect in which the probability of occurrence increases as the dose increases. |
| What are the three major stages of acute radiation syndrome? | Prodromal stage, latent stage, and manifest illness. |
| What is direct radiation action? | Radiation interacts directly with important cellular structures and causes damage. |
| What is indirect radiation action? | Radiation interacts with water molecules and creates free radicals that can damage cells. |
| What is a deterministic effect? | A radiation effect that has a threshold dose and becomes more severe as the dose increases. |
| What is direct radiation action? | Radiation interacts directly with important cellular structures and causes damage. |
| What is indirect radiation action? | Radiation interacts with water molecules and creates free radicals that can damage cells. |
| What are the three major stages of acute radiation syndrome? | Prodromal stage, latent stage, and manifest illness. |
| What is a deterministic effect? | A radiation effect that has a threshold dose and becomes more severe as the dose increases. |
| What symptoms commonly occur during the prodromal stage of acute radiation syndrome? | Early symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. |
| What is the difference between a personnel monitor and a survey instrument? | A personnel monitor measures a worker’s radiation dose, while a survey instrument detects radiation in an area. |
| What is a stochastic effect? | A radiation effect in which the probability of occurrence increases as the dose increases. |
| What are the three major stages of acute radiation syndrome? | Prodromal stage, latent stage, and manifest illness. |
| Why is the X-ray tube considered a diode? | It contains two electrodes—the cathode and anode—and permits electrons to travel from the cathode to the anode. |
| What is the purpose of a personnel monitoring device? | To measure and track a radiation worker’s occupational exposure. |
| What symptoms commonly occur during the prodromal stage of acute radiation syndrome? | Early symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. |
| What happens during the latent stage of acute radiation syndrome? | Symptoms temporarily decrease or disappear. |
| What is the purpose of a personnel monitoring device? | To measure and track a radiation worker’s occupational exposure. |
| Which dosimeter can provide a near-immediate radiation dose reading? | A direct ion storage, or DIS, dosimeter. |
| What is a Geiger-Müller counter used for? | Detecting and measuring radiation or radioactive material in an area. |
| What is a Geiger-Müller counter used for? | Detecting and measuring radiation or radioactive material in an area. |
| What is the difference between a personnel monitor and a survey instrument? | A personnel monitor measures a worker’s radiation dose, while a survey instrument detects radiation in an area. |
| What is the cathode of the X-ray tube? | The negatively charged side of the tube where electrons are produced. |
| What is the anode of the X-ray tube? | The positively charged side of the tube that attracts electrons. |
| Why is the X-ray tube considered a diode? | It contains two electrodes—the cathode and anode—and permits electrons to travel from the cathode to the anode. |
| Why is the X-ray tube considered a diode? | It contains two electrodes—the cathode and anode—and permits electrons to travel from the cathode to the anode. |
| What is the purpose of filtration in radiography? | To remove low-energy photons and reduce unnecessary radiation exposure to the patient’s skin. |
| Why is collimation important? | It limits the X-ray beam to the anatomy of interest, reducing exposure and improving image quality. |
| What are image artifacts? | Objects or unwanted appearances that are not part of the patient’s anatomy and may interfere with image interpretation. |
| What is PACS? | A system used to store, retrieve, view, and distribute medical images. |
| What is DICOM? | A standard used for medical imaging information and communication. |
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