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Commas, Hyphens/Quot
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| no comma before | jr or senior, inc |
| no oxford comma ... but | if sentence is complicated, or if list items include conjunctions |
| use a semicolon when.. | the list items include commas |
| independent clauses | stand on their own! |
| dependent clauses | aren't full sentences eg I want to go dancing because I’m ready to rock. |
| what to do when linking two independent clauses | USE A COMMA |
| do you need a comma linking two dependent clauses | no |
| appositives | rename a noun, use commas for this |
| if non-restrictive or non-essential | USE A COMMA |
| coordinative adjectives | are equal in importance, use a comma between them |
| it's possible to put punctuation outside of commas | when it fits the situation |
| semicolons and colons almost always | go outside the quotation marks |
| when a paragraph ends with a full-sentence quotation and the quote continues in the next paragraph... | don’t include an ending quotation mark at the end of the first paragraph |
| book titles, movies and tv shows, albums and songs | use quotation marks! |
| plays, operas and poems, computer games, lectures, speeches, works of art | use quotation marks :) |
| newspaper names, magazine, journals, reference works, software and the bible | NO QUOTATION MARKS |
| for events.. | generally just capitalize |
| for unfamiliar or foreign terms | use quotations |
| words as words and sarcasm/irony | use quotations |
| compound modifiers | adjectival phrases that modify a noun -- put several words tgth for one idea |
| when word without hyphen is common | don't use hyphen eg high school students |
| If part of the compound modifier is made up of a familiar adjective-and-noun pair or if it is otherwise obvious those words go together | no hyphen is needed |
| ADVERB | generally don't need hyphen but especially when an adverb ends in ly except for family-owned duh |
| We use a hyphen for compound modifiers that act as adjectives and come before the noun they modify | She has a full-time job. |
| don't use hyphen when | used as an adverb or adjectives come after the noun |
| ages as compound modifier | BEFORE a nouhn use hyphen |
| dimensions | Use hyphens when giving dimensions as a noun or as a compound modifier before a noun |
Created by:
JingW19