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US HISTORY TEST
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Age of Exploration | A period when European explorers traveled around the world looking for new trade routes, land, resources, and wealth. |
| Mercantilism | An economic system where countries tried to become wealthier and more powerful through trade, exports, and colonies. |
| Circumnavigation | to travel completely around the earth |
| 7. Empire | A large area of land and different peoples controlled by one ruler or government. |
| 8. Cash Crop | A crop grown mainly to be sold for money instead of being used by the farmer. |
| 9. Magnetic Compass | A navigation tool that uses Earth's magnetic field to help people find direction, especially north. |
| 10. Mercator Projection | A type of map that makes directions useful for navigation, but distorts the size of places, especially near the poles. |
| 11. Columbian Exchange | The exchange of plants, animals, people, diseases, and ideas between the Americas and Europe/Africa after European contact. |
| 12. Enslavement | The practice of forcing people to work without freedom or choice and treating them as property. |
| 13. Religious Mission | An effort to spread a religion to people in another place. |
| 14. Colonization / Colony | Colonization is taking control of and settling another territory. A colony is a territory controlled by another country. |
| 15. Northwest Passage | A hoped-for water route through North America connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. |
| 16. House of Burgesses | The first elected representative government in an English colony in North America, established in Virginia in 1619. |
| 17. Powhatan Confederacy | A group of Native American tribes in the Virginia area that was led by Powhatan. |
| 18. Mayflower Compact | An agreement made by the Pilgrims in 1620 to establish rules and a government for their colony. |
| 19. Imports and Exports | Imports are goods brought into a country. Exports are goods sent out of a country |
| IMPORT = EXPORT = | IN EXIT |
| 20. Autocracy | A government where one person has most or all of the power. |
| Dictatorship: One person has strong control over the government. | One person has strong control over the government. |
| Monarchy: | A king or queen is the ruler, usually through a royal family. |
| 21. Constitutional Monarchy | A government with a king or queen, but their powers are limited by a constitution and laws. |
| 22. Democracy | A government where the people have political power, usually by voting. |
| 23. Unitary Government System | A government where most power belongs to the central/national government. |
| 24. Confederation | A system where states or regions have more power than the central government and work together for certain purposes. |
| 25. Federal Government | A system where power is divided between the national government and state/regional governments. |
| 26. Command Economy | An economy where the government makes most decisions about what is produced, how it is produced, and how goods are distributed. |
| 26. Capitalist Economy | An economy where individuals and businesses make most economic decisions, with supply and demand playing a major role in prices. |
| 27. Political Map | A map showing boundaries and political locations, such as countries, states, cities, and capitals. |
| 27. Physical Map | A map showing natural features, such as mountains, rivers, lakes, and oceans. |
| 27. Thematic Map | A map that focuses on one specific topic or type of information, such as population or climate. |
| 27. Choropleth Map | A thematic map that uses different colors or shades to show data values in different areas. |
| 27. Dot Distribution Map | A map that uses dots to show where something is located or how much of something exists. |
| 27. Graduated Symbol Map | A map that uses different-sized symbols to represent different amounts. |
| 28. Appalachian Mountains | A mountain range in eastern North America, including parts of the eastern United States. |
| 29. Mississippi River | A major river in the United States that flows generally south toward the Gulf of America. |
| 30. Rocky Mountains | A major mountain range in western North America. |
| 31. Atlantic Ocean | The ocean located east of North America and west of Europe and Africa. |
| 33. Gulf of America | A large body of water along the southern United States and eastern Mexico, connected to the Atlantic Ocean. |
| 32. Christopher Columbus | A European explorer whose 1492 voyage across the Atlantic, sponsored by Spain, reached the Caribbean and helped begin sustained European contact and colonization of the Americas. |
| 34. England | A country in Europe that established English colonies in North America, including Jamestown and Plymouth. |
| 35. Spain | A European country that sponsored Christopher Columbus and established colonies throughout parts of the Americas. |
| 36. Portugal | A European country that became a major power during the Age of Exploration, establishing colonies and trade routes around the world. |
| 37. John Smith | An English colonist and leader at Jamestown who helped organize the settlement. |
| 38. Plymouth | An English colony founded by the Pilgrims in 1620 in present-day Massachusetts. |
| 39. Roanoke | An English colony that became known as the “Lost Colony” after its settlers disappeared. |
| 40. Jamestown | The first permanent English settlement in |
| climate | weather conditions of a regions |
| Resource / raw materials | a source of supply, support, or aid |
| terrain | a tract of land |
Created by:
Monroe27