Stability of the internal environment and the mechanisms that maintain that stability

Sensory organ that receives the stimulus

An action that evokes a response

An organ that does the response

The effect, caused by the stimulus

When the output of a process is used as an input to control the behavior of the overall process itself, usually leading to inhibition of the process

The movement of molecules across the cell membrane that doesn’t require extra energy, moving down the concentration gradient

The movement of molecules across the cell membrane that does require extra energy, moving against the concentration gradient

A solution with a water concentration lower than the cell’s cytoplasm

A solution with a water concentration higher than the cell’s cytoplasm

A solution with a water concentration identical to the cell’s cytoplasm

Molecules that bind to other molecules (receptor proteins) for signaling purposes

Signal transduction pathway

A sequence of events initiated by a signal that leads to a cellular response

Any molecule that blocks the normal ligand from binding, thus preventing communication along the signal transduction pathway

The passing along of the signal until the desired response is reached

Addition of a phosphate group by kinases that changes a molecule’s shape and contributes to transduction

Removal of a phosphate group by phosphatases that changes a molecules shape and contributes to transduction

A small molecule that serves as an intermediate between the receptor and the cascade of responses after

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Anatomy unit 2. Voca

Term	Definition
Homeostasis	Stability of the internal environment and the mechanisms that maintain that stability
Receptor	Sensory organ that receives the stimulus
Stimulus	An action that evokes a response
,Effector	An organ that does the response
Response	The effect, caused by the stimulus
Feedback inhibition	When the output of a process is used as an input to control the behavior of the overall process itself, usually leading to inhibition of the process
Passive transport	The movement of molecules across the cell membrane that doesn’t require extra energy, moving down the concentration gradient
Active Transport	The movement of molecules across the cell membrane that does require extra energy, moving against the concentration gradient
Hypertonic solution	A solution with a water concentration lower than the cell’s cytoplasm
Hypotonic solution	A solution with a water concentration higher than the cell’s cytoplasm
Isotonic solution	A solution with a water concentration identical to the cell’s cytoplasm
Ligand	Molecules that bind to other molecules (receptor proteins) for signaling purposes
Signal transduction pathway	A sequence of events initiated by a signal that leads to a cellular response
Inhibitor	Any molecule that blocks the normal ligand from binding, thus preventing communication along the signal transduction pathway
Transduction	The passing along of the signal until the desired response is reached
Phosphorylation	Addition of a phosphate group by kinases that changes a molecule’s shape and contributes to transduction
Dephosphorylation	Removal of a phosphate group by phosphatases that changes a molecules shape and contributes to transduction
Second messenger	A small molecule that serves as an intermediate between the receptor and the cascade of responses after

Created by: sahki

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