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MedTerm Unit 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abduction | movement away from the midline of the body, from ab- away from, duct(o)- bring, -ion action or condition. Remember, away from the midline means away from the sagittal plane. |
| Adduction | movement toward the midline of the body, from ad- toward, duct(o)- bring, -ion action or condition. Remember, toward the midline, means toward the sagittal plane |
| Circumduction | movement in a circular motion, usually means one end of a limb is still while the other end moves in a circle, from circum- around, duct(o)- to bring, -ion action or condition |
| Rotation | movement around an axis, usually at a joint, from rotat(o)- to revolve, -ion action or condition |
| Flexion | action of bending, from flex(o)- to bend, -ion action or condition |
| Extension | action that brings the limb straight, from extens(o)- to stretch out, -ion action or condition |
| Hyperflexion | excessively bending or flexing a joint from hyper- above or over, flex(o)- bend, -ion action or condition |
| Hyperextension | abnormal or excessive extension, straightening, or stretching of a joint, from hyper– above or over, extens(o)- to stretch out, -ion action or condition |
| Lateral flexion | bending to one side or the other, from later(o)- side, flex(o)- to bend, -ion action or condition |
| Dorsiflexion | backward bending, usually used when talking about a hand or foot, from dors(o)- back of body, flex(o)- to bend, -ion action or condition |
| Plantar flexion | bending of the foot so that the toes point down, from plant(o)- sole of foot, -ar pertaining to and flex(o)- to bend, -ion action or condition |
| Eversion | to turn outward, from e- outward, vers(o)- to turn, -ion action or condition. This motion usually refers to the foot. So, eversion would be turning the bottom of the foot away from the midline of the body. |
| Inversion | to turn inward, from in-inward, vers(o)- to turn, -ion action or condition. Just like with eversion, this usually refers to a motion of the foot. So, this would be turning the foot toward the midline of the body. |
| Supination | turn the foot or palm of the hand upward. Usually this term refers to turning the palm of the hand so that it is facing upward or toward the front of the body. This position would be the same as anatomical position of the hand and forearm. |
| Pronation | turn the foot or the hand backward. Usually this term refers to turning the hand so that the palm is facing downward. In other words, the hand is opposite of anatomical position. |
| Protraction | movement anteriorly, only the shoulder and the jaw are able to protract. |
| Retraction | movement posteriorly |
| Depression | to lower a body part, downward movement |
| Elevation | to raise a body part, upward movement. An example of depression and elevation working together is when you shrug your shoulders. The upward part of the movement is elevation and then, when you drop them, it’s depression! |
| Excursion | side to side movement. We use this term mainly when we are talking about the jaw (mandible). So, when you move your jaw away from midline, it is called lateral excursion. When you move it back to resting position, it’s called medial excursion. |
| Opposition | movement of thumb away from the palm of the hand. In other words, moving your thumb so that it touches one of the other fingers. Make the OK sign with your hand. You just demonstrated opposition of the thumb with the pointer finger! |
| Reposition | returning of thumb back to anatomical position |
Created by:
adri.downing