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Hair Struc.& Chem.
Hair parts, growing stages, & bonds
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| melanin | protein that gives the hair, skin, and eyes its pigment, found in the cortex layer of the hair |
| keratin | tough, fibrous, water-proofing protein of the hair and skin. Makes up a large part of the cortex |
| salt/ionic bonds | weak physical side bonds that are the result of attraction between positive and negative electrical charges. Easily broken by changes in pH |
| disulfide bonds | strong chemical side bonds formed when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent protein chains are joined together Can only be broken by chemicals, not heat or water |
| side bonds | disulfide, salt and hydrogen bonds that cross-link polypeptide chains together |
| medulla | innermost layer of hair Only found in thick, coarse hair |
| cortex | middle, largest layer of hair made of fibrous protein & cells containing melanin pigment |
| cuticle | thin, outermost layer of hair made of scale-like cells. Provides shiny, smooth, silky look when laying flat |
| hair follicle | tube-like depression in the skin; produces the new cells that will become the hair as they die off. |
| hair root | Portion of hair that is beneath the scalp |
| hair shaft | Portion of hair extending from scalp (visible portion) |
| protein/polypeptide chain | long chains of amino acids linked together end to end by peptide bonds |
| amino acid | a compound made of carbon, oxygen hydrogen, and nitrogen, building blocks of proteins |
| peptide bond/end bond | link amino acids together end to end in long chain to form the primary structure of a protein |
| terminal hair | long, coarse, pigmented hair that provides protection against foriegn particles, assistance with sensory perception, and temperature regulation |
| vellus hair | short, fine, unpigmented hair that helps with temperature regulation |
| anagen | the growing phase of hair that 90% of hair are in at any given time; usually lasts about 3-5 years |
| catagen | brief transition phase between growth and resting phase of hair, only about 1% of hair are in at any given time; lasts about 1-2 weeks |
| telogen | the resting phase of hair where the hair sheds or awaits shedding; less than 10% of hair are in the phase at any given time; lasts about 3-6 months |
Created by:
kcarpenter