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Unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mandate of heaven | The idea that the emperor's right to rule was granted by the heavens |
| Confucianism | This philosophy was the bedrock of Chinese society and government, it emphasized social harmony, respect for elders, and filial piety |
| Imperial Bureaucracy | A vast government with officials |
| Civil service exam | A merit-based system where people had to pass rigorous tests on Confuscian texts to get a government job. This created a highly organized and efficient state |
| Grand Canal | This waterway connected northern and southern China, boosting trade and communication |
| Champa Rice | A tool that is used in agriculture |
| Buddhism | It spread to China from India through the silk road |
| Neo-Confucianism | A blend of Confucianism, Buddhist and Daoist ideas |
| Tributary system | China saw itself as the middle kingdom |
| The Abbasid Caliphate | It was a symbol of Islamic unity, real power was held by turkic groups |
| Seljuk Empire | Turkic warriors who converted to Islam and took control of the Abbasid capital Baghdad |
| Mamluk Sultanate | A powerful state in Egypt created by former Turkic slave-soldiers (Mamluks) |
| House of Wisdom | Located in Baghdad, it translated Greek, Indian, and Persian texts in Arabic. |
| Nasir al-Din al-Tusi | He was a brilliant Persian scholar who made key advances in trigonometry. |
| Sufism | A mystical form of Islam that emphasized personal experience with Allah. |
| Delhi Sultanate | A state established by Turkic invaders in northern India |
| Vijayanagara Empire | A powerful Hindu kingdom in southern India that emerged to resist the northern Muslim sultans |
| Sirvijaya Empire | A powerful maritime Empire based on the island of Sumatra that controlled the vital strait of Malacca. It was a major center of Buddhism. |
| Majapahit Empire | A sea based kingdom on the island of Java that was predominantly Hindu |
| Maya City-States | Located in Mesoamerica (modern-day southern Mexico and Central America) they were known for their independent city-states and advanced mathematics |
| Aztec Empire | A powerful empire in central Mexico |
| Tenochtitlan | Capital of The Aztec Empire |
| Inca Empire | Located in the Andes Mountains of South America |
| Mita System | A form of coerced labor |
| Great Zimbabwe | A powerful kingdom in southeastern Africa that grew wealthy from controlling the gold trade. They are also known for there stone walls |
| Ethiopia | An East African kingdom that remained Christian despite the spread of Islam. They built rock-hewn churches |
| Hausa Kingdoms | A collection of city-states in west Africa that benefited from trans-Saharan trade routes |
| Feudalism | A political and social system where land was exchanged for loyalty and military service |
| Kings | Had little direct power |
| Lords/Nobles | Controlled large areas of land (fiefs) |
| Knights | Warriors who pledged loyalty to a Lord in exchange for land |
| Serfs | The vast majority of the population. They were peasants bound to the land and obligated to work for the Lord. They were not slaves but were not to be free. |
| Manorial System | The economic engine of feudalism |
| Kowtow | A form of bowing to respect superiors |
| The tribute system | Something the Aztec used to control conquered people |
Created by:
jcarroll1198