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CP Civics Unit 2 V
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Advice and Consent | The senate's authority to approve or reject the president's top appointments and negotiated treaties |
| Anti Federalists | Individuals who opposed ratification of the constitution because they were deeply suspicious of the powers it gave to the national government and of the impact those powers would have on stat's authority and individual freedoms |
| Bicameral Legislative | Legislature comprising two parts, called chambers |
| Bill of Rights | The first 10 amendments to the constitution, which were ratified in 1791, constituting an enumeration of the individual liberties with which the government is forbidden to interfere |
| Checks and Balances | A system in which each branch of government can monitor and limit the functions of the other branches |
| Confederation | A union of independent states in which each state retains its sovereignty , that is, its ultimate power to govern, and agrees to work collaboratively on matters that states expressly agree to delegate to a central governing body |
| Connecticut Compromise | The compromise between the Virginia plan and the New Jersey plan that created a bicameral legislature with one chamber's representation based on population and the other chamber having two members for each state (great compromise) |
| Constitution | Document that presents the mission of the government, the fundamental principle that will guide the governments operations, and the foundational structures and procedures by which the government operates to fulfill its mission |
| Dual Sovereignty | A system of government in which ultimate governing authority is divided between two levels of government, a central government and regional governments, with each level having ultimate authority over different policy matters |
| Electoral College | The name given to the body of representatives elected by voters in each state to elect the president and vice president |
| Federalists | Individuals who supported the new Constitution as presented by the constitutional convention in 1787 |
| Judicial Review | Court authority to determine that an action taken by any government official or governing body violates or does not violate the constitution, established by the supreme court in the 1803 Marbury v . Madison case |
| Marbury vs Madison | The 1803 supreme court case that established the power of judicial review, which allows the court to strike down laws passed by the other branches that it views to be in conflict with the constitution |
| New Jersey Plan | response to the Virginia plan by less populous states at the constitutional convention, which all states would have an equal voice |
| Republic | A government that derives its authority from the people and in which citizens elect government officials to represent them I'm the processes by which laws are made, a representative democracy |
| Separation of Powers | The constitutions delegation of authority for the primary governing functions among three branches of government so that no one group of government officials controls all the governing functions |
| Supremacy Clause | A clause in article Vl of the constitution that states that the constitution and the treaties and laws created by the national government in compliance with the constitution are the supreme law of the land |
| The Federalist Papers | A series of essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay, that argued for the ratification of the constitution |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | The negotiated agreement by the delegates to the constitutional convention to count each slave as three-fifths of a free man for the purpose of representation and taxes |
| Unicameral Legislature | A Legislative body with a single chamber |
| Veto | The president's rejection of a bill, which is sent back to Congress with the presidents objections noted |
| Virginia Plan | The government structure proposed by the Virginia delegation to the constitutional convention, which consisted of bicameral legislature, an executive elected by the legislature, and a separate national judiciary, state representation in congress |
| Ratification | The process by which constitutions and constitutional amendments are formally confirmed, thereby becoming a law |
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