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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Protagonist | The central character is usually involved in a conflict against the antagonist. May also be known as the hero, and typically undergoes change/growth. |
| Antagonist | The central character’s opponent (creates the conflict) |
| Conflict | problem, fight, or struggle between characters, society, nature, or internally within. |
| Character vs. Character | This type of conflict finds the main character in conflict with another character, human or not human. |
| Character vs. Nature | This type of conflict finds the main character in conflict with the forces of nature, which serve as the antagonist |
| Character vs. Society | This type of conflict has the main character in conflict with a larger group: a community, society, culture, school, etc. |
| Character vs. Self | In this type of conflict, the main character experiences some kind of inner conflict like making a difficult decision or dealing with a personal problem. |
| Character | a person, animal, or figure featured in a story. |
| Dynamic Character | A character who undergoes a significant internal change throughout the story. This may be a change in understanding, values, insight, etc |
| Static Character | A character who does NOT undergo a significant change throughout a story. |
| Theme | The central idea or message about life that is expressed in the story. |
| Foreshadowing | Hints or clues about future events. |
| Characterization | the means through which an author reveals a character’s personality. Characterization may be direct or indirect. |
| Direct Characterization | The author tells the reader what the character is like. |
| Indirect Characterization | The author shows the reader what the character is like through how a character looks, what the character does, what the character says, what the character thinks, or how the character affects the other characters. |