A homeowner sues a neighbor over a drone flying over their yard. There is no written law, so a judge rules it is trespassing. That ruling now becomes the law for everyone else.

A landlord refuses to return a tenant's $1,000 security deposit, so the tenant sues the landlord to get their money back.

A professor argues that laws are only valid if they match basic human morality and human rights.

The written law says the speed limit is 55 mph. However, local police never pull anyone over unless they go over 70 mph, and the judge throws out any ticket under 70 mph. The actual speed limit is 70 mph because of what the court does.

A judge handles a new lawsuit about a self-driving car accident. Since there is no written law, the judge looks back at a similar court ruling from last year and copies that exact same decision.

The city council meets at city hall, votes on a new bill, and passes a rule stating that anyone parking on Main Street after 10 PM will receive a $50 ticket.

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law test

Question	Answer
Case Law	A homeowner sues a neighbor over a drone flying over their yard. There is no written law, so a judge rules it is trespassing. That ruling now becomes the law for everyone else.
Civil Law	A landlord refuses to return a tenant's $1,000 security deposit, so the tenant sues the landlord to get their money back.
A public school principal suspends a student for wearing a political protest t-shirt. The student sues the school for violating their First Amendment right to free speech.	Constitutional Law
Jurisprudence	A professor argues that laws are only valid if they match basic human morality and human rights.
A judge personally hates a law banning people from feeding stray dogs. However, because the city council voted on and passed it properly, the judge enforces it and fines a citizen anyway.	Legal Positivism
Legal Realism	The written law says the speed limit is 55 mph. However, local police never pull anyone over unless they go over 70 mph, and the judge throws out any ticket under 70 mph. The actual speed limit is 70 mph because of what the court does.
A citizen intentionally breaks a local law that bans giving clean water to homeless individuals. They argue the law is completely invalid because it violates basic human morality.	Natural Law Theory
Precedent	A judge handles a new lawsuit about a self-driving car accident. Since there is no written law, the judge looks back at a similar court ruling from last year and copies that exact same decision.
Police suspect a man has stolen jewelry in his house. Instead of walking in, they must first write an affidavit, present evidence to a judge, and wait for a signed search warrant before they can open the door.	Procedural
Statutory Law	The city council meets at city hall, votes on a new bill, and passes a rule stating that anyone parking on Main Street after 10 PM will receive a $50 ticket.
A man enters a convenience store, hits the clerk, and runs off with the cash register. He is caught and charged under a state statute that defines "Assault and Battery" and sets a maximum penalty of 5 years in prison.	Substantive Law

Created by: svnbk

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