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Stack #4715952
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hindsight Bias | Happens after an event has occurred and we believe we predicted it before hand. Makes outcomes seem obvious to us |
| Overconfidence | Occurs when we overestimate the accuracy of our knowledge and judgements. Limits us from finding crucial info. |
| Confirmation Bias | The tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information that confirms our preexisting beliefs or opinions. Give more weight to information we already know. |
| Scientific method | Forming hypotheses, conducting experiments ,and analyzing results to ensure the findings are reliable and valid |
| Peer review | Quality check process where independent experts evaluate a scientists work before its published to ensure it is accurate and valid. |
| Theory | A broad, well-supported explanation of how or why something happens in natural world, backed by a large body of evidence. Explains patterns, makes predictions, guides research. |
| Hypothesis | A specific, testable prediction about what you expect to happen in a study (educated guess). Guides the start of the experiment. |
| Operational definition | A carefully worded statement of the exact procedures (operations) used in a research study. This makes it easily replicated. |
| Replication | Repeating the essence (steps) of a research study, usually with different participants in different situations to see whether the basic finding from the search can be reproduced. |
| Case Study | In depth analysis of individuals or groups. Descriptive technique in which an individual or group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles. |
| Naturalistic observation. | Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without manipulating anything (natural) |
| Survey | Obtaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative random sample of group. Less in depth, asks people to report behaviors/opinions. |
| Sampling Bias | Flawed sampling process that produces unrepresentative sample. Usually when not everybody has an equal chance of being picked |
| Population | All those in a group being studied, from which samples may be drawn |
| Random sample | Sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an actual chance of inclusion (from general population) |
| Meta Analysis | Combines the results of many separate studies into one big statistical conclusion (All studies on the same topic) |
| Generalizability | Refers to the extent to which the results of the study can be applied to broader populations (How general it is) |
| Experiment | Research method in which on investigator manipulates one or more factors to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (Dependent variable) |
| Confounding variable | A factor other than the factor being studied that might influence a study's results |
| Validity | The extent to which a test or experiment measures or predicts what it is supposed to be |
| Sample | A smaller subset or participants chosen from a larger target group to represent the entire population in a research study (saves time) |
| Variable | Anything that can vary and is feasible and ethical to measure |
| Falsifiable | A scientific theory or hypothesis can be proven wrong by an observation, test, or experiment. Will be falsifiable if there are possible outcomes that could show idea is false. |
| Representative sample | Group that accurately mirrors key characteristics of a larger target population. Much more specific. |
Created by:
ethanherens