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Science

Gravity

QuestionAnswer
What is gravity? A force that pulls objects toward one another. Earth’s gravity pulls objects toward Earth’s center.
Why is gravity a non-contact force? It acts without objects touching each other.
Which direction does Earth’s gravity pull objects? Downward, toward Earth’s center.
Does gravity act on both light and heavy objects? Yes. Gravity pulls both light and heavy objects downward.
What does spherical mean? Shaped like a ball.
How does gravity help give Earth its spherical shape? Gravity pulls Earth’s material toward its center from all directions.
What is a lunar eclipse? An event in which Earth moves between the Sun and the Moon, causing Earth’s shadow to fall on the Moon.
How does a lunar eclipse provide evidence that Earth is round? Earth casts a curved shadow on the Moon.
Why does a ship seem to disappear beyond the horizon? Earth’s surface curves away from view, so the ship moves beyond our line of sight.
Why don’t ships fall off Earth? Gravity pulls them toward Earth’s center.
What is air resistance? A force from air that opposes an object’s motion through it.
How does air resistance affect falling objects? It acts upward and slows their downward motion.
Why does a leaf usually fall more slowly than a pencil? Air resistance slows the leaf more noticeably.
Which experiences more air resistance: flat paper or the same paper crumpled into a ball? The flat paper because it has a larger area exposed to the air.
How does a parachute slow a skydiver? It increases air resistance, slowing the skydiver’s fall.
What is buoyancy? An upward force exerted by a fluid, such as water or air, on an object.
How does buoyancy act against gravity? Buoyancy pushes upward while gravity pulls downward.
Does gravity still act on a floating boat? Yes. Gravity pulls downward while buoyancy pushes upward.
Which scientist developed an explanation of gravity after considering why an apple falls? Sir Isaac Newton.
What did Newton wonder about the falling apple? Why it fell toward the ground instead of floating upward.
What is mass? The amount of matter in an object.
What is weight? The gravitational force acting on an object.
How would your mass change if you traveled to the Moon? Your mass would stay the same.
Why would you weigh less on the Moon? The Moon’s surface gravity is weaker than Earth’s.
What keeps planets in orbit around the Sun? The Sun’s gravity, together with the planets’ forward motion.
Why does a ball thrown upward return to the ground? Gravity continues pulling it downward toward Earth’s center.
How does gravity help make life on Earth possible? It holds air and water near Earth and keeps living things on the ground.
What causes water to move downward when poured into a glass? Gravity pulls the water toward Earth’s center.
 



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