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Chapter 12

Antiifective Drugs

QuestionAnswer
Aerobes Organism that is able to grow in the presence of oxygen
Anaerobes Organism that is not able to grow in the presence of oxygen
Antimicrobial An agent that kills microorganisms or suppresses their multiplication or growth.
Antimicrobial residues Presence of an antimicrobial (antibiotic) or its metabolites in food products or animal tissue.
Antimicrobial resistance Develops when microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, no longer respond to a drug that previously were effective.
Antiseptics A substance used on the skin to prevent the growth of bacteria or to provide preoperative cleansing of the skin.
Bacteria Single-celled microorganisms that usually have a rigid cell wall and a round, rod-like, or spiral shape.
Bactericidal An agent with the capability to kill bacteria.
Bacteriostatic An agent that inhibits the growth or reproduction of bacteria.
Beta-lactamase Enzymes that reduce the effectiveness of certain antibiotics; beta-lactamase I is penicillinase; beta-lactamase II is cephalosporinase.
Detergent An agent that cleanses.
Disinfect To make free of pathogens or make them inactive.
Disinfectant A chemical agent applied to inanimate objects to destroy or inhibit growth of microorganisms.
Efficacy The extent to which a drug causes the intended effects in a patient.
Fungicidal An agent that kills fungi.
Fungistatic An agent that inhibits the growth of fungi.
In vitro Within an artificial environment.
In Vivo Within the living body.
Iodophor An iodine compound with a longer activity period that results from the combination of iodine and a carrier molecule that releases iodine over time.
Microorganism An organism that is microscopic (e.g., bacterium, protozoan, Rickettsia, virus, and fungus
Nephrotoxic Toxic to the kidneys.
Ototoxic Toxic to the ears.
Sporicidal An agent capable of killing spores.
Tachypnea Rapid breathing.
Teratogenic An agent that causes harm to the developing fetus.
Thrombophlebitis Inflammation of a vein associated with a thrombus formation.
Created by: Radicalentity888
 

 



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