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history 2.2 + 2.3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who was the Italian explorer who was sent to find a Northwestern route through the icy waters of what today is Canada. Hoped to reach Asia where it was believed there was many riches and ended up landing in Nova Scotia, claimed as the "Newfoundland"! | John Cabot |
| What was led by Martin Luther, a German monk, who published the 95 theses against the practices of the Catholic Church which led to the Protestant version of Christianity and a desire to seek religious freedom? | The Protestant Reformation |
| ____ were people who wanted to separate from the Anglican Church and its Catholic elemnts, while remained loyal to the King and "purify" their religion. (Ended up in Massachusetts) | Puritans |
| Following wars, England's monarchs was low on cash, sought ___/____ for surplus wool + needed ___ due to enclosure movements. | New Markets/Economic Oppurtunities Land |
| Joint-stock companies | Pooled the money of many investors together to pay for voyages and establish colonies in America. |
| What religious and economic changes led to England's interest in establishing colonies in America? | Led Puritans to America, change from tenant farming to sheep raising left many poor and unemployed people looking forward economic oppurtunities in America. |
| Privateers | Sailors on privately owned ships with a license to kill. |
| __ ____ obtained orders from the Queen to set up a colony on the American coastline in 1587. | Walter Raleigh |
| Where did Walter Raleigh's ships land in present-day North Carolina with 117 people? | Roanoke |
| What happened when Gov. John White and Raleigh headed back to England for supplies and came back? | The colony just disappeared, no life, no death. 1st attempt to establish a permanent English Colony in the New World failed. |
| In 1607, England sent the ___ ____, with 144 men, to establish colonies in Virginia and foudned _____. | Virginia Company, Jamestown |
| What are some of the problems Jamestown faced? | - Business men refusing to work - Starvation - Disease - Cold winters |
| Capt. ___ ___ and help from the _______, the local Native Americans kept he colony from perishing. Famous quote, "He who shall not work, shall not eat." | Capt. John Smith, Powhatan Confederacy |
| Indentured Servants | People who worked for colonies for years, being offered free voyages and land after their serving time. |
| What was the Starving Time? | - 500 colonists arrived at Jamestone - Sickness, starvation - Many resorted to cannibalism |
| Who was John Rolfe? | Produced Spanish Tobacco seeds. Jamestown started gorwing large quantaties of tobacco for profit, and became America's first cash crop, Virginia Company grew very wealthy. |
| What were Burgesses? | Elected reps - each colony had the right to elect its own legislative body. |
| What were headrights? | New settlers that paid to grow tobacco. |
| Last reason for attracting settlers? | Religious Freedom. |
| What happens when the Native Americans attacked the settlement, and playing the colony under siege, causing the King to send reinforcements? | The King takes the charter away, declaring Jamestown a royal colony. |
| Why was the settllement of Jamestown in trouble from its beginning? | Most of the Jamestown settlers wer townspeople who knew nothing about living in the woods or farming. Many refused to do the necessary manual labor. Sicknesses and food shortages occured, and many settlers died. |
| Why was Maryland founded? | Lord Baltimore wanted to start a colony bc Catholics dealt with religious persecution,they wanted to practice religion without persecution. |
| Proprietary Colony | A settlement given by an English monarch to a trusted individual, who owned the land and had power to govern it. |
| Maryland Toleration Act | Made sure that the Catholics and the Protestants didn't kill eachother in Maryland. - freedom to worship any religion as long it was a Christian religion, non-Christians religions would be sentenced to death. |
| Separatists | Group of puritans who broke away from the King's Anglican Church. |
| Why did the Pilgrims decided to stay at Plymouth, Massachusetts when they were blown way off course? | They believed that it was a sign from god. |
| Under the leadership of ___ ___, the pilgrims signed of set of tulres promising to obey the rules known as the Mayflower Compact | William Bradford |
| The remaining settlers/pilgrims survived after the assistance of Native Americans named ___ and ___ who taught them how to use the enviornment to meet their needs andg row corn. | Squanto and Somaset |
| In the Massachusetts Bay Colony, it sepcified that laws were to be made by the General Court. What was the General Court made up of? | Freemen |
| What was the Great Migration? | When conditions in England worsened, Puritans moved to America. |
| What was A City Upon a Hill, and what did John Winthrop mean by it? | He wanted the Massachusetts Bay to serve as the role model colony that all other colonies should want to replicate. |
| Heretics | People with different religious beliefs and were considered threats to the community. |
| Holy Watching | Settlers were required to report immoral behavior of their neighbors. |
| ___ ___, a young minister and a strict Separatist challenged Puritan authroity in the Mass. Bay colony. He was banished from the colony, headed south, and founded the town of ___. | Roger Williams Providence |
| ___ ___ was declared a heretic and banished from Mass. Bay for challenging Puritan practices, saying that people could pray at home and claimed to know which ministers had salvation from God and which did not. Founded the town of _____. | Anne Hutchison Portsmouth |
| Providence and Portsmuch joined to become the colony of ___ ___. Total separation of church and state providing complete religious freedom. | Rhode Island |
| ____ ____ said that "authority is laid in the sonsent of the governed". Wanted all the colonies members to have the ability to vote. | Thomas Hooker |
| Fundamental Orders of Conneticut | First writtein constituion, all adult men could vote for their Governer and General Court. |
| Pequot War | Two massachusetts colonists killed by the Pequot trying to find new land to settle on in Conneticut. The Pequot, local Native American Tribe. Colonists slaughtered over 400 Pequot and sold them into slavery. |
| Which colony became a very successful trading network so the King eventually took over control and made it a Royal Colony? This colony was very devoted to trading. | New Hampshire |
| King Phillips War | Colonial gov't demanded local Natives follow English law, angering the Wampanoag. Natives were led by metacomet/King Phillip When Plymouth Colony executed three wampanoag for murder, the Natives attacked the colonists. The Wampanoag natives were defeated |
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huynh!_rosa6