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EDUC 255S
Chapter 3 - Social, Moral, and Emotional Development
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Psychosocial Theory | theory that people develop through 8 stages of life, each stage involving a social or emotional challenge |
| Psychosocial Crisis | the challenge/conflict a person must work through at each stage of development |
| Heteronomous Morality | a stage of moral development where children see rules as fixed and unchangeable and believe that breaking rules always deserves punishment |
| Autonomous Morality | when children become capable of formal operations (ages 10-12) |
| Moral Dilemmas | structured situations |
| Preconventional Level of Morality | children obey authority figures to avoid being punished |
| Conventional Level of Morality | cooperation with peers, cognitively aware |
| Postconventional Level of Morality | a realization that the laws and values of society are necessary |
| Prosocial Behaviors | voluntary actions toward others such as caring, sharing, comforting, and cooperating |
| Parallel Play | involves children engaged in the same activity side by side but with very little interaction/mutual influence |
| Cooperative Play | occurs when children join together to achieve a common goal |
| Associative Play | increased levels of play including sharing, taking turns, and general interest in each other |
| Reflectivity | the tendency to think about what is going on in one's own mind and to study oneself |
| Foreclosure | choosing an identity without exploring other options, often based on others expectations |
| Identity Diffusion | having no clear identity and not actively exploring one |
| Moratorium | actively exploring different identities and choices but not having made a final decision |
| Identity Achievement | exploring different options and then committing to a clear identity |