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NHA
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| zones of comfort | intimate (contact to 28 inches) personal (18 inches to 4 feet) social (4-12 feet) public (more than 12 feet) |
| professional healthcare workers embody | respect, integrity, compassion, honesty |
| HIPPA | patients right to privacy, confidentiality, patient information. |
| common HIPAA violations | poor communication, forgetting labels on a desk, no consent, unprofessional behavior, ignoring patient concerns, |
| HIPAA; | protect patient privacy |
| the zone of comfort for blood draw? Hope far is it? | intimate, contact to 18 inches. |
| which type of communication has the most impact? | nonverbal communication. |
| the difference between assault and battery? | assault is a threat, battery is touch |
| why are ethics important? | it builds trust. |
| number way to break the chain of infection | hand hygiene |
| gloves donât do what? | replace hand washing. and Hand washing is not good enough, must glove! |
| what is a vector? | person, insect, or animal |
| a fomite is? | Inanimate object (doorknob, patients bed, handrail.) |
| a healthcare associated infection is? | nosocomial |
| the most common healthcare associated infection is? | urinary tract infections |
| transmission based precautions? | airborne, droplets, contact. |
| airborne precautions use? for what? | n95 mask. for tuberculosis, varicella, measles. |
| droplet precautions use? for what? | masks. for pneumonia, rubella, meningitis, flu, whooping cough (pertussis) |
| contact precautions use? for what? | Gowns, for diphtheria, mrsa (Mersa), herpes. |
| the most important safely precaution | patient identity |
| #1 way to prevent infection | hand hygiene |
| who is in charge of bio disposal? | OSHA |
| if syncope happens: | STOP, TAKE NEEDLE OUT, ACTIVATE SAFETY, BE CALM and PROTECT YOUR PATIENT |
| most errors occur in this stage of phlebotomy: | preanalytical |
| the two biggest errors in a phlebotomists responsibilities? | patient identity, bedside labeling |
| most errors occur when? | before the specimen goes to the lab. every step effects specimen quality. |
| if complications occur during a draw: | stop the draw. |
| blood flow through the body | body -> right heart -> lungs -> left heart -> body. |
| what is an erythrocyte? | red blood cell |
| what is a leukocyte? | white blood cell |
| what is a thrombocyte? | platelet |
| Arteries | have a pulse and carries oxygenated blood away from the heart. |
| Veins | used for venepuncture, Carrieâs deoxygenated blood to the heart. |
| heel sticks are for? | children under one year old |
| veins to avoid: | ⢠Sclerosed -> Scarred vein (too tough, clog needle) ⢠Occluded -> Blocked or obstructed (Fat or thick valves) ⢠Thrombosed -> Clotted veins (may allow clot to move, fatal) ⢠Tortuous -> Spiderweb veins (very thin, slow, cruddy) |
| fasting means: | no food or drink for 8-12 hours |
| hemolysis | ruptured (broken) red blood cells |
| hemoconcentration | pooling or red blood cells, usually from tourniquet being too tight |
| drawing from an arm with an IV. | draw below the IV or have nurse remove Iv and wait two minutes. |
| Serum draws: | Need to clot for 30-60 minutes before centrifugation. |
| plasma: | does (should) not clot |
| fibrinogen: | clots blood. if you need plasma then fibrinogen will be present in the plasma. if you need serum, fibrinogen will NOT be in the serum because it clotted the blood. |
| centrifuge usage requires: | balance! must use water filled vials of necessary for balance. |
| different qualities of centrifugated blood results: | normal, hemolyzed (pink), turbid (cloudy), licemic (fatty), icyteric (orange) |
| light blue tube must have | 1:9 blood ratio, if butterfly used must use a discard tube first. |
| neonatal screen card used where to draw? | Plantar lateral medial portion of heel, remember âone drop, one circleâ |
| pediatrics: | protect the child |
| geriatrics: | protect the vein |
| POCT: | point of care test. âtesting near the patientâ |
| quality control | verifies accuracy of test |
| no quality control? | no test. |
| blood donation collection: what gauge needle? how much is a unit? what additive? | 16-18 gauge. 500mL, ACD (acid citrate dextrose) |
| blood donation basics? | gravity draw with bag below donors arm, use a rocking device for mixing, NEVER combine bags. |
| what is polycythemia Vera? | too many red blood cells |
| what is hemochromatosis? | too much iron |
| what is apheresis? | blood components |
| what is plasmapheresis? | plasma |
| what is autologous? | self |
| what is homologous ? | other donors |
| while blood can be drawn for donation how often? | 56 days (9 weeks) |
| urinalysis types: | random, clean-catch (c&s:UTI), 24-hour (first out, the rest in), first morning (most concentration). |
| C&S | culture and sensitivity; (Bug and Drug) |
| infection on one side of the body; | bacteremia |
| systemic infection | septicemia |
| normal cholesterol levels | 141-200 mg/dl |
| what happens if the light blue tube is under filled? | it will take longer to clot. |
Created by:
Charmisa