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Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means? | atom |
| What are atoms with different numbers of neutrons called? | isotopes |
| What type of bonds attract water molecules to each other? | hydrogen bonds |
| What type of bonds hold sodium chloride (NaCl) together? | ionic bonds |
| What does the uneven distribution of electrons make a water molecule? | polar |
| What type of bond shares electrons? | covalent bond |
| What are molecules with an unequal distribution of electrical charge called? | polar molecules |
| Which subatomic particle is not located in the nucleus? | electron |
| What are the simplest pure substances called? | elements |
| What is the smallest of the three main subatomic particles? | electron |
| In a water molecule, which atom is bigger: oxygen or hydrogen? | oxygen is bigger |
| What process allows sweating to cool the body by carrying heat away? | evaporation |
| What is the attraction between substances of the same kind called? | cohesion |
| What process allows water molecules to move upward through a narrow tube, such as a plant stem? | capillary action |
| What type of solute generally dissolves well in water? | polar solute |
| What elements are carbohydrates made primarily of? | carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| Cellulose is what type of molecule? | carbohydrate |
| What carbohydrate is found in foods such as table sugar? | sucrose |
| What type of molecules are lipids generally? | nonpolar molecules |
| What organic molecules are most closely related to proteins? | amino acids |
| What type of molecule are enzymes? | protein |
| What type of fatty acids do liquid fats called oils contain mostly? | unsaturated fatty acids |
| How many sugar molecules does a disaccharide contain? | 2 |
| Which nucleic acid has a spiral staircase/double-helix shape? | DNA |
| What are the two types of nucleic acids? | DNA and RNA |
| What is a substance with a pH of 7 considered? | neutral |
| Is lemon juice an acid or a base? | acid |
| What is the mixture called when salt is added to water? | solution |
| What is one function of lipids? | forming cell membranes |
| What can lipids be used for? | energy storage |
| What are lipids involved in creating? | some hormones and steroids |
| What is the ability to move or change matter called? | energy |
| What are newly formed substances from chemical reactions called? | products |
| What is the term for all chemical reactions that occur within an organism? | metabolism |
| What is the substance on which an enzyme acts during a chemical reaction called? | substrate |
| What are the deep folds or pockets in enzymes where substrates bind called? | active sites |
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