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AP Bio

TermDefinition
Monomer a small, simple, subunit of a larger molecule
Polymer a large molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers
Hydrolysis breaks the covalent bonds between monomers within a polymer; H2O is added to do so
Dehydration Synthesis Joins two smaller molecules together to make a larger more complex molecule; H2O is removed to do so
Most common elements Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfure (CHONPS)
what molecules have carbon carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid
what molecules have Hydrogen carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid
what molecules have Oxygen carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid
what molecules have Nitrogen proteins, nucleic acid
what molecules have Phosphorus nucleic acid, some lipids
what molecules have Sulfur proteins
What are the big 4 - found in 96% of the body Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen (CHON)
In general, presence of what elements make a molecule polar? Nitrogen and Oxygen
Hydrophilic Loves water - Polar molecule
Hydrophobic Hates water - nonpolar molecule
Acid any substance that increases the hydrogen (H+) concentration
Base any substance that increases the hydroxide (OH-) concentration
Specific Heat Capacity amount of energy to increase overall temp of solution - the higher the number the stronger the bonds to one another
Cohesion same type molecules are attracted to one another
Adhesion different types of molecules are attracted to one another
Capillary Action Use of cohesion + adhesion to move through skinny thin tubes
Surface Tension How hard it is to break the surface of a liquid
Why does H2O have high surface tension? Has very strong bonds between each molecule making it hard to break - creates thin layer of "surface" on the top
Created by: user-2058618
 

 



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