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History second test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Epidemic | Widespread, rapid diffusion of disease among people in a particular location/ region at particular time |
| Expansion diffusion | Spread of idea, innovation, from its heart without aid of people moving |
| Formal/ uniform regions | Area defined by one or more measurable shared physical or cultural characteristics present throughout race |
| Friction of distance | Distance imposes real cost in time, money, and effort to move people, goods, or ideas across space, acting as barrier to interaction. |
| Functional/ nodal regions | Area of land defined as sharing common purpose in society |
| Globalization | the process by which countries, businesses, and people around the world become more connected and depend on one another. |
| Hearth (cultural, language region etc) | Geographical point of origin/ birthplace where cultural trait, idea, language, religion, or technological innovation first develops before it spread outward. |
| Hierarchical diffusion | Spread of idea/ innovation from one person/ place to another person/ place based on hierarchy of connectedness / specific type of expansion diffusion |
| independent invention | when a cultural trait, idea, or technology develops in two or more different places by separate groups who have no contact with each other |
| Absolute location | Fixed exact position on earth using coordinates like longitude/ latitude |
| Relative location | Describe where a place is compared to other human/ physical landmarks |
| Location theory | Understanding distribution of cities, industries, services, consumer, with goal of explaining why places are chosen as sites of production/ consumption |
| Pandemic | Outbreak of disease that spread worldwide |
| Perceptual/ vernacular regions | Area defined by people, shared feelings, attitudes, cultural identity rather than objective data/ fixed boundaries |
| Political ecology | Approach to studying human- environment interactions in context of political, economic/ historical conditions operating at multiple scales. |