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Nursing Foundations1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 5 stages of Benner's 'thinking' development/skills acquisition Novice to Expert Theory? | Novice - no prof experience Beginner - note situational components, but can't prioritize Competent - understand actions for long-range goals Proficient - situations=wholes, rather than aspects Expert - intuitive grasp of situation specific problem |
| List the steps of the NCSBN clinical judgment measurement model. | 1. recognize cues 2. analyze cues 3. prioritize hypotheses 4. generate solutions 5. take action 6. evaluate outcomes |
| List the steps of the Nursing Process. | 1. assessment 2. diagnosis 3. outcome identification 4. planning 5. intervention 6. evaluation |
| Differentiate between Primary vs. Secondary sources | Primary - what a patient says (subjective) or what a nurse obtains through observation (objective) Secondary - what others tell the nurse (subjective) or data the nurse collects from other sources/another healthcare professional (secondary) |
| Differentiate between health promotion, health education, and illness prevention. | HP - helps individuals maintain or enhance their present health HE - helps people better manage their health risks and develop a greater understanding of their health IP - protects people from actual or potential threats to health |
| Differentiate between the three levels of prevention. | Primary - reduces the incidence of disease Secondary - prevents the spread of disease, illness, or infection once it occurs. SCREENINGS. Tertiary - enhance quality of life and minimize impact of present disease, infection, or illness |
| What is transient urinary incontinence? | A temporary bladder leakage problem that resolves when the root medical problem is fixed. |
| What is stress urinary incontinence? | Leakage of small amounts of urine due to sudden pressure on the bladder. |
| What is functional urinary incontinence? | Involuntary urination which occurs when an individual cannot get to the bathroom fast enough. |
| What is a normal and abnormal output or amount of urine? | Normal: Between 30mL/hr to 2.5L/day Abnormal: <30 mL/hr for 2 consecutive hrs or >2.5 L/day |
| How often should assessments of catheter patients' voiding be? | Every 6 hours |
| What are the 5 P's? | Pain Potty, or Personal needs Positioning Personal items/Possessions Prevent falls, or Pumps |
| What is the acronym RACE? | Rescue - anyone in danger of the fire Alarm - activate fire alarm and call fire response telephone number Contain - fire by closing all doors in the fire area Extinguish - small fires. if it cannot be extinguished, leave the area and close the door. |
| What is the acronym PASS? | Pull the pin Aim at the base of the fire Squeeze the handle Sweep the extinguisher from side to side, covering the area of the fire |
| What is put in a red electrical outlet? | Any life saving equipment, as these are connected to the hospital emergency generator. |
| Should you use extension cords in the hospital? | No |
| What are four ways a chemical can enter the body | Inhalation Skin or eyes Ingestion Injection |
| What are the three principles of radiation safety? | 1. reduce time 2. increase distance 3. use shielding |
| What are the three priority actions if an active shooter is on site? | Run Hide Fight |
| What is NPSG and who creates them? | National Patient Safety Goals The joint commission |
| What are the three key elements of culture of safety? | 1) commitment to following safe measures 2) just culture without punishment 3) commitment by the organization/all members |
| What are examples of hospital acquired injuries? (7) | CAUTI CLABSI SSI VAP Blood transfusion incompatibility Burn/electrical shock Pressure injury |
| What are the 6 main purposes of health records? | Communication Legal Documentation Financial Billing Research Education Auditing/Monitering |
| When should you write a note? (4) | Clarify & capture key info Patient transfers Admissions & discharges Shift responsibilities |
| What is F-DAR? | Type of note: focus, data, action, response |
| What is SOAP? | Type of note: subjective data, objective data, assessment, plan |
| What is PIE? | Type of note: problem, intervention, evaluation |
| What is DAR? | Type of note: data, action, response |
| What is Narrative? | Type of note: story-like format |
| What is AIDET? | Communication tool. Acknowledge Introduce Duration Explanation Thank you |
| What is input and output always measured in? | mL |
| Convert: 1mL -> __cc 1oz -> __mL 1 cup -> __oz -> __mL 1L -> __mL | 1 cc 30 mL 8 oz -> 240 mL 1,000 mL |
| What is ADAT? | Advancing Diet As Tolerated |
| What are examples of infections (5 are listed) that would require droplet precautions? (>5mcg) What are droplet precautions? | Streptococcal pharyngitis Pertussis Mumps Meningitits Influenza Clean hands before and after being in the room, make sure eyes, nose, and mouth are fully covered and remove face protection before room exit. |
| What are examples of infections (4 are listed) that would require contact precautions? What are contact precautions? | Enteric diseases Respiratory viruses Wounds with drainage MRSA Clean hands before and after being in the room, gloves and gown before entry and discard before exit, use dedicated or disposable equipment. |
| How do you don PPE? | Bottom up. Gown->mask->goggles->gloves |
| How do you doff PPE? | Alphabetical order. Gloves->goggles->gown->mask |
| Identify the patient positions: Trendelenberg Reverse Trendelenberg Fowler's Semi-Fowler's High-Fowler's Supine Prone | Trendelenberg - feet elevated and head lowered Reverse - head elevated and feet lowered Fowler's - 45-60 degrees Semi - 30 degrees High - >80 degrees Supine - face up Prone - face down |
| What does a urinalysis detect? pH Protein Glucose Ketones Casts Crystals Blood Specific Gravity RBCs Leukocyte Esterase (WBCs) Bacteria Nitrites | pH - acid status, hydration Protein - kid function Glucose/Ketones - diabetes Casts/crystals - kid stones Blood/RBCs - kid failure, irritation/damage of urinary tract SG - hydration WBCs/bacteria - infection Nitrites - bacteria in urinary tract |
| What is the second hole in the catheter for? | irrigation. |
| Reasons for catheterization (8) | Retention Urological/gynecological procedures Obstruction Neurogenic Skin integrity Prolonged immobility End of life Accurate I&O |
| UTI prevention (9) | Sterile technique Smallest size (adults 14-16fr, kids 8-10fr) Closed system Daily cleansing Cleansing when soiled Secured Tubing Emptying Below bladder |
| Antiseptic | Reduces number of organisms present on skin |
| Disinfectant | Destroys/inhibits growth of harmful organisms on non-living objects |
| What are the components of the nursing diagnostic statement? | Diagnostic label/diagnosis Related factors Major assessment findings (2) - only for problem-focused |
Created by:
alaynak