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Cultural Sensitivity
PNP 101 Ch 35, Module 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Spirituality | What an individual uses or does for self-discovery, coping, and health maintenance. It is personal and subjective. |
| Culture | The similarities shared among members of a group that can be transmitted generationally or across groups. These include ways of thinking, values, beliefs, communication, and customs. |
| Ethnicity | The shared identity, bond, or kinship people feel with their country of birth or place of ancestral origin. This affects culture. |
| Race | Traditionally linked to biological or genetic traits or shared origin or background. Studies have shown they cannot be identified scientifically but it continues to be used to identify groups of individuals. |
| Subcultures | Developed from a smaller group that shares cultural values with a larger group. |
| Acculturation | Occurs when an individual is exposed to a new culture and adopts some of the cultural practices of that group. Commonly happens when someone moves to a new area and assimilates with the culture of that population. |
| Multiculturalism | The influence by more than pone cultural group, adopting preferences and shared values from more than one group. |
| Cultural Awareness | Gaining knowledge about different cultures, particularly one's own and one's patients. HC workers should have self-awareness of cultures and examining personal attitudes towards various aspects of culture to find biases. |
| Unconscious Bias | Non self controlled judgements that could be influenced by our heritage and personal encounters. |
| Implicit Bias | Self awareness of our person judgements. |
| Cultural Dietary Questions | What foods do you like to eat? Do you have any dietary restrictions? How is the food prepared at your residence? |
| Cultural Communication Questions | What is the primary language spoken at your residence? How do you feel about touch as a form of communication? |
| Cultural Faith Questions | Do you have a religion/faith preference? Do you have rituals or events that are important to you? |
| Cultural Health and Wellness Questions | Do you use any special treatments during illness? How do you define health and illness? Do you have a gender preference for health professionals? |
| Cultural Family Patterns and Social Role Questions | Who makes the decisions in your residence? Do you have any groups with which you are affiliated? |
| Other Culturally Sensitive Questions | When did this problem start? How does the illness make you feel? What treatments have you tried? How do you think it should be treated? What worries you most about the illness? |
| LEARN Assessment Tool | A common communication tool used to promote culturally competent care. L is for Listen, E is for Explain, A is for Acknowledge, R is for Recommend, and N is for Negotiate. |
| Listen (LEARN) | Actively pay attention to the client describe the current problem. Use empathy and try to understand the patient's perception. |
| Explain (LEARN) | Describe the health care professional's perception of the problem. |
| Acknowledge (LEARN) | Find the similarities and differences between the HCP and patient. |
| Recommend (LEARN) | Give the patient options of treatments and include ones that they prefer. |
| Negotiate (LEARN) | Medical recommendations and patient preferences can compromise to create the most effect and comfortable treatment plan. |
| Cultural Sensitivity | HC workers should be knowledgable about the cultures prevalent in their area of practice. |
| Cultural Appropriateness | Knowledge of a patient's culture is applied to their care delivery |
| Cultural Competence | The cultural context of each client is understood and addressed within the realm of care delivered. It is developed over the lifetime as knowledge continues to be obtained and cultural skills are developed. |
| Cultural Imposition | When rules of one cultural are imposed on another. This can also be called ethnocentrism and cultural blindness. |
| Cultural Compatibility | Patient cultural beliefs and values should be accommodated so long as they work with essential health practices. Values or behaviors that hinder health and wellness should attempt to be repatterned into ones that are compatible with health promotion. |
| Teach Back Method | A communication strategy where you ask a person to explain back in their own words what you just taught them to ensure understanding. |
| Communicating with clients with limited english proficiency | Speak slowly and at a normal volume, avoid slang, speak in layman's terms, use gestures to increase understanding, determine understanding (don't rely on smiling and nodding), use printed material suited to the patient's level of understanding. |
| Health Disparities | Differences in health status in one population compared to another. |
| "Black and Mexican children are more likely to be hospitalized for asthma compared to non-Hispanic white children" is an example of what? | A health disparity between two populations. |
| Discrimination | Unfair treatment of individuals, affecting rights and opportunities based on their association with a certain group. |
| Prejudice | Making assumptions without full information, often resulting in taking wrong actions. |
| A nurse assuming a patient doesn't need financial assistance and not offering help is an example of what? | This is an example of prejudice. |
| Ethnocentrism | The belief that one's own culture is superior to others. It interferes with the provision of cultural nursing care. |
| Intrapersonal | Within one's self |
| Interpersonal | With others and environment |
| Transpersonal | With an unseen higher power |
| Faith | A belief in something or a relationship with a higher power. |
| Hope | A concept that includes anticipation and optimism and provides comfort during times of crisis. |
| Transcendence | The belief in a superior force beyond the person and material world. |
| Self Transcendence | An authentic connection with the inner self. |
| Spiritual Distress | Happens when someone begins to question their belief systems and are unable to find support from those belief systems. It often results from a catastrophic event. Manifestations include hopelessness and isolation. |
| Religion | A system of beliefs practiced outwardly to express one's spirituality, typically related to a particular form of worship, sect, or spiritual denomination. |
| Spiritual Assessment | Includes self reflection on one's own personal beliefs, identifying the religion of the patient if they have one, ongoing evaluation of patients at risk of spiritual distress. |
| Question for Screening for Spiritual Concerns | How important is your religion/faith to you? How can we support your spiritual wellbeing? Would you like to have someone from spiritual services visit you? |
| The FICA Model | Used to gain a better understanding of a patient's religious or spiritual beliefs. F is for Faith/beliefs, I is for Implications Importance and Influence, C is for Community, and A is for Address |
| What should you do if you walk into a patient's room to find them reading a religious text, and they start crying and tell you to leave? | You should leave and close their door to give them time to do what they're doing. Afterwards, establish presence with the patient by sitting, listening non-judgementally, and offering support. Give them the option of spiritual support. |
| Gender | |
| Cisgender | |
| Transgender | |
| Why do we use the term "cisgender" is cisgender is "normal?" | |
| Nonbinary | |
| Male | |
| Female | |
| Man | |
| Woman | |
| AMAB | |
| AFAB | |
| Lesbian | |
| Gay | |
| Queer | |
| Bisexual | |
| Pansexual | |
| Asexual | |
| Buddhism | |
| Christianity | |
| Hinduism | |
| Jainism | |
| Islam | |
| Sikhism | |
| Taoism | |
| Judaism | |
| Paganism | |
| New Age | |
| Atheism | |
| Indigenous Religions | |
| Secular Religious Identity | |
| Racial relationships with health care | |
| Why black Americans distrust health care | |
| Why are heart attacks less likely to be identified in women than men? |
Created by:
marinareagankhan