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165 Chapter 4

QuestionAnswer
Generally thought to be catalysts responsible for changes in biochemical reactions,____________occur throughout the body systems Enzymes
 A____________is a predictable pharmacologic action on body systems other than the action intended Side Effect
 When two drugs are combined and cause a pharmacologic response that is greater than it would have been if the drugs had been given individually, this is known as___________ Synergism
The method by which a drug elicits effects is known as the___________ Mechanism of Action
The organ in which the ____________occurs is generally called the target organ Desired Effect
 A____________occurs when a drug resembles the substrate to which an enzyme usually attaches Drug-Enzyme Interaction
After drug administration the amount that reaches and remains in the systemic circulation depends on the rate and extent of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
Any unwanted effect from a drug is termed _______ Adverse
Both toxic and allergic effects are known as__________ Adverse
A____________occurs when two or more drugs act in unison to produce additive agonist, synergistic, or antagonist responses to each other Drug-Drug Interaction
What term is defined as the study of the manner in which drug effects are manifested? Pharmacodynamics
Drugs produce effects through mechanisms of action termed drug-receptor stimulation or blockade, nonspecific drug interactions, or which of the following? drug-enzyme interactions
What is the term for specific biologic sites located on a cell surface or within a cell that attract certain drugs? Receptors
Which of the following is true of drugs with antagonistic activity? They block receptors for which they have affinity
What is the term for the catalysts responsible for initiating changes in biochemical reactions? Enzymes
What is the mechanism by which radiopaque contrast media elicit their desired effects through the radiopaque iodine contained within their structure? Nonspecific drug interaction
What is the term for a predictable extension of pharmacologic action into body systems other than those intended? Side Effect
Which of the following are depicted on the plasma concentration graph? Onset of action Toxic concentrations Half-life of elimination
Using the serum concentration-time profile, what is the significance of toxic serum concentration? Dosage was well above that required for peak drug performance.
What are the three mechanisms of drug action? Drug-receptor interactions, drug-enzyme interactions, and nonspecific drug interactions
When does a drug-drug interaction occur, and what does it produce? When two or more drugs act in unison; produces additive agonist, synergistic, or antagonist responses
What is the relationship between dose and toxic effect? The higher the dose, the greater the toxic effects; dose may become toxic if metabolism or elimination is impaired
True or False: The plasma concentration at which a drug no longer produces serious adverse effects is known as the toxic level False
True or False: The therapeutic index is a measure of the relative effectiveness of a drug False
True or False: Drugs have a specific affinity for their specific receptors on a cell surface or within a cell True
True or False: Half-life is the time required for the current serum concentration to double False
True or False: The half-life of elimination generally remains stable for most drugs True
True or False: Some drugs are completely safe False
True or False: Efficacy is the degree to which a drug is able to produce the desired effect True
True or False: The latent period is the point at which a drug effect is no longer seen False
True or False: Side, adverse, and toxic effects of drugs always are manifested immediately False
True or False: Radiopaque contrast media elicit their desired effects through the radiopaque iodine contained in their structure True
Created by: user-2016295
 

 



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