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Terminology
Med. Term Chapters
| Word | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| cardi(o) | heart | cardiomyopathy |
| crin(o) | to secrete | |
| dermat(o) | skin | |
| enter(o) | intestines; small intestines | enterocolitis |
| esthesi(o) | feeling or sensation | |
| gastr(o) | stomach | gastroparesis |
| ger(a), ger(o), geront(o) | elderly or aged | |
| gynec(o) | female | gynecology |
| immun(o) | immune | |
| laryng(o) | larynx | |
| nat(o) | birth | |
| ne(o) | new | neonate (new - birth) |
| neur(o) | nerve | |
| obstetr(o) | midwife | |
| onc(o) | tumor | oncology |
| ophthalm(o) | eye | |
| orth(o) | straight | orthopedics / orthodontics |
| alb(o), albin(o), leuk(o), leuc(o) | white | leukocyte |
| algesi(o) | sensitivity to pain | |
| angi(o) | vessel | angiogram |
| append(o), appendic(o) | appendix | |
| aut(o) | self | autobiography |
| bacter(i), bacteri(o) | bacteria | |
| bi(o) | life or living | biology |
| blephar(o) | eyelid | blepharospasm |
| cancer(o), carcin(o) | cancer | carcinogen |
| cerebr(o) | brain; sometimes cerebrum | |
| chem(o) | chemical | |
| chir(o) | hand | |
| chlor(o) | green | |
| col(o), colon(o) | colon or large intestine | |
| cry(o) | cold | |
| cutane(o), derm(a), dermat(o) | skin | |
| cyan(o) | blue | |
| cyt(o) | cell | cytotoxic |
| dipl(o) | double | |
| ech(o), son(o) | sound | |
| electr(o) | electricity | |
| encephal(o) | brain | encephalitis |
| erythr(o) | red | |
| esthesi(o) | feeling or sensation | |
| fluor(o) | emitting or reflecting light | fluorescent lighting |
| fung(i), myc(o) | fungus | |
| gen(o) | beginning or origin | |
| hem(o), hemat(o) | blood | |
| hist(o) | tissue | |
| iatr(o) | physician or treatment | |
| kinesi(o) | movement | |
| lact(o) | milk | |
| lith(o) | stone or calculus | lithotripsy |
| lys(o) | destruction, dissolving | |
| mamm(o), mast(o) | breast | |
| megal(o) | large, enlarged | |
| melan(o) | black | |
| metr(o) | measure; uterine tissue | |
| muscul(o), my(o) | muscle | myocarditis |
| narc(o) | stupor | narcan |
| nas(o), rhin(o) | nose | rhinoplasty |
| nos(o), path(o) | disease | pathology |
| or(o), stomat(o) | mouth | |
| oste(o) | bone | osteonecrosis |
| parasit(o) | parasite | |
| path(o) | disease | |
| phag(o) | eat, ingest | |
| pharmac(o), pharmaceut(i) | drugs or medicine | |
| phas(o) | speech | |
| plast(o) | repair | |
| pleg(o) | paralysis | |
| pod(o) | foot | |
| pyr(o) | fire | |
| radi(o) | radiant energy; sometimes radius | |
| schis(o), schiz(o), schist(o) | split, cleft | |
| scler(o) | hard; sclera | |
| scop(o) | to examine, to view | |
| seps(o) | infection | Sepsis |
| sept(i), sept(o) | infection | septic |
| staphyl(o) | grapelike cluster; uvula | |
| strept(o) | twisted | |
| therapeut(o) | treatment | |
| therm(o) | heat | |
| tom(o) | to cut | |
| tonsill(o) | tonsil | |
| tox(o), toxic(o) | poison | |
| trache(o) | trachea (windpipe) | |
| troph(o) | nutrition | |
| vir(o), virus(o) | virus | |
| xanth(o) | yellow | |
| an- | no, not, without | |
| anti- | against | antipyretic |
| endo- | inside | endotracheal |
| micro- | small | microscope |
| ultra- | excessive | ultrasound |
| -able, -ible | capable of, able to | |
| -al, -ary, -eal, -ive, -tic | pertaining to | |
| -algia, -dynia | pain | neuralgia / |
| -ase | enzyme | |
| -cele | hernia | |
| -centesis | surgical puncture to aspirate or remove fluid | pericardiocentesis |
| -cidal | killing | suicide |
| -crine | secrete | |
| -cyte | cell | |
| -ectasia, -ectasis | dilatation or stretching of a structure | |
| -ectomy | excision (surgical removal, cutting out) | hysterectomy |
| -edema | swelling | |
| -emesis | to vomit, vomiting | |
| -emia | condition of the blood | anemia |
| -eum, -ium | membrane | |
| -gen | that which generates | |
| -genesis | producing or forming | |
| -genic | produced by or in | carcinogenic |
| -gram | a record | |
| -graph | instrument used to record | |
| -graphy | process of recording | |
| -ia, -iasis | condition | |
| -ia, -ism | condition or theory | |
| -iac | one who suffers | |
| -itis | inflammation | |
| -kinesia | movement | |
| -kinesis | movement, motion | |
| -lepsy | seizure | |
| -lith | stone or calculus | |
| -logist | one who studies | |
| -logy | study or science | |
| -lysin | that which destroys | |
| -lysis | process of loosening, freeing, or destroying | |
| -lytic | capable of destroying | |
| -malacia | soft, softening | |
| -mania | excessive preoccupation | |
| -maniac | a person who shows excessive preoccupation | |
| -megaly | enlargement | |
| -meter | instrument used to measure | thermometer |
| -metry | process of measuring | |
| -oid | resembling | hemorrhoid |
| -oma | tumor | cholesteatoma |
| -opia | vision | |
| -ose | sugar | |
| -osis | condition (often an abnormal condition; sometimes an increase) | Scoliosis |
| -ous | pertaining to or characterized by | |
| -pathy | disease | |
| -penia | deficiency | |
| -pexy | surgical fixation | |
| -phagia, phagic | eat, ingest | |
| -phagy | eating, swallowing | |
| -phasia | speech | |
| -phobia | abnormal fear | |
| -plasia | formation or development | |
| -plasty | surgical repair | |
| -plegia | paralysis | |
| -ptosis | prolapse (sagging) | |
| -rrhage, rrhagia | excessive bleeding or hemorrhage | |
| -rrhaphy | suture | |
| -rrhea | flow or discharge | diarrhea |
| -rrhexis | rupture | |
| -schisis | split, cleft | |
| -sclerosis | hardening | |
| -scope | instrument used for viewing | |
| -scopy | process of visual examination | |
| -spasm | twitching, cramp | |
| -stasis | stopping, controlling | |
| -stomy | formation of an opening | |
| -therapy | treatment | |
| -tome | instrument used for cutting | |
| -tomy | incision (cutting into tissue) | |
| -tripsy | surgical crushing | |
| -trophic, -trophy | nutrition | |
| -y | state or condition | |
| abdomin(o) | abdomen | |
| acr(o) | extremities (arms and legs) | acrobatics |
| angi(o), vascul(o) | vessel | |
| anter(o) | nearer to or toward the front | anterior |
| aut(o) | self | |
| axill(o) | axilla or armpit | |
| calc(i) | calcium | |
| caud(o) | in an inferior position; tail or toward the tail | |
| cellul(o) | little cell or compartment | |
| cephal(o) | head, toward the head | cephalogram |
| chrom(o) | color | |
| coagul(o) | coagulation | |
| crani(o) | cranium (skull) | |
| cyt(o) | cell | |
| dactyl(o) | finger or toe | |
| dist(o), tel(o) | far or distant from the origin or point of attachment | distal / telehealth |
| dors(o) | directed toward or situated on the back side | |
| fibrin(o) | fibrin | |
| hem(a), hem(o), hemat(o) | blood | hemodialysis |
| herni(o) | hernia | |
| hidr(o) | sweat, perspiration | |
| home(o) | sameness; constant | |
| hydr(o) | water | |
| immun(o) | immune | |
| infer(o) | lowermost or below | |
| is(o) | equal | |
| kal(i) | potassium | |
| kary(o), nucle(o) | nucleus | |
| later(o) | farther from the midline of the body or from a structure | |
| medi(o) | middle or nearer the middle | |
| morph(o) | shape | |
| muc(o) | mucus | |
| natr(o) | sodium | |
| necr(o) | death | |
| norm(o) | normal | |
| omphal(o), umbilic(o) | umbilicus (navel) | |
| pelv(i) | pelvis | |
| periton(o) | peritoneum | |
| -phylaxis | protection | |
| pod(o) | foot | |
| poster(o) | nearer to or toward the back | |
| proxim(o) | nearer the origin or point of attachment | |
| py(o) | pus | |
| sial(o) | saliva; salivary glands | |
| som(a), somat(o) | body | |
| spin(o) | spine | |
| super(o) | uppermost or above | |
| thorac(o), steth(o) | thorax (chest) | thorax |
| thromb(o) | thrombus; clot | |
| ur(o) | urine; urinary tract | |
| ventr(o) | belly side | |
| viscer(o) | viscera (large abdominal organs) | |
| a-, an- | no, not, without | atypical / anemia |
| ab- | away from | abduction |
| ad- | toward | adduction |
| ana- | excessive, upward or again | anaphylaxis |
| ante-, pre-, pro- | before in time or in place | antepartum / prenatal /prognosis |
| anti-, contra- | against | contraception |
| bi-, di- | two | bilateral / diplopia |
| brady- | slow | bradycardia |
| centi- | one hundred or one hundredth (1/100) | |
| circum-, peri- | around or circular | circumference / pericardium |
| deci- | one tenth (1/10) | |
| dia- | through | dialysis / diagnosis |
| diplo- | double | |
| dys- | bad, difficult | dysphagia |
| ecto-, ex-, exo-, extra- | out, without, away from | ectoderm / ectopic pregnancy / extrapleural |
| en-, end-, endo- | inside | endoscopy |
| epi- | above, on | epidermis |
| eu- | good, normal | eupnea |
| hemi-, semi- | half, partly | hemiocolectomy / semicomatose |
| hyper- | excessive, more than normal | hyperthyroidism |
| hypo- | beneath or below normal | hypoglycemia |
| infra-, sub- | beneath, under | infra-axillary / inferior / subcutaneous layer |
| in- | not or inside (in) | inhalation |
| inter- | between | intervertebral / interstitial fluid |
| intra- | within | intrathecal injection |
| ipsi- | same | |
| macro-, mega-, megalo- | large or great | macrocephalus |
| mal- | bad | malformation |
| meso-, mid-, medio- | middle | mesoderm / midline |
| micro- | small | |
| milli- | one thousandth (1/1000) | |
| mono-, uni- | one | monochromatic /unilateral |
| multi-, poly- | many | multipara / polydipsia |
| nulli- | none | nulligravida |
| pan- | all | pancytopenia |
| para- | near, beside, or abnormal | parathyroid gland / paramedic |
| per- | through or by | percutaneous layer |
| post- | after, behind | postpartum |
| primi- | first | |
| pro- | favoring, supporting | |
| quad-, quadri-, tetra- | four | quadriplegic |
| retro- | behind, backward | retrorenal |
| super-, supra- | above, beyond | superior / suprascapular |
| super-, ultra- | excessive | |
| sym-, syn- | joined, together | symphysis / syndrome |
| tachy- | fast | tachycardia |
| trans- | across | transdermal / transport |
| tri- | three | triceps / tricycle |
| -ant | that which causes | |
| -ate | to cause an action or the result of an action | |
| -cidal | killing | |
| -poiesis | production | |
| -poietin | that which causes production | |
| ot(o) | ear | |
| path(o) | disease | |
| ped(o) | child; sometimes foot | |
| psych(o) | mind | |
| radi(o) | radiant energy, radiation; sometimes radius | |
| rheumat(o) | rheumatism | |
| rhin(o) | nose | |
| ur(o) | urinary tract; sometimes urine | |
| -ac, -al, -ar, -ic, -ical | pertaining to | |
| -er, -ist | one who | |
| -iatrician | practitioner | |
| -iatrics, -iatry | medical profession or treatment | |
| -logic, -logical | pertaining to the science or study of | |
| -logist | one who studies; specialist | |
| acid(o) | acid | |
| alkal(o) | alkaline; basic | |
| alveo(o) | alveoli | ravioli |
| anthrac(o) | coal | |
| apic(o) | apex | |
| bronch(o), bronch(i) | bronchi | bronchitis |
| bronchiol(o) | bronchioles | |
| embol(o) | embolus | |
| epiglott(o) | epiglottis | |
| fibr(o) | fiber or fibrous | |
| lacrim(o) | tears (crying) | |
| laryng(o) | larynx | |
| lob(o) | lobe | |
| mediastin(o) | mediastinum | |
| nas(o), rhin(o) | nose | |
| ox(i) | oxygen | |
| palat(o) | palate | |
| pharyng(o) | pharynx | |
| phas(o) | speech | |
| phon(o) | voice | megaphone |
| phren(o) | diaphragm or mind | |
| pleur(o) | pleura | |
| pneum(o) | lungs or air | pneumothorax |
| pneumon(o), pulm(o), pulmon(o) | lungs | pulmonary |
| sin(o), sinus(o) | sinus | |
| spir(o) | to breathe | |
| thorac(o) | chest | |
| thromb(o) | thrombus | |
| trache(o) | trachea | |
| meta- | change; next, as in a series | metabolism |
| -ation | process | |
| -capnia | carbon dioxide | |
| -pnea | breathing | |
| -ptosis | prolapse | |
| -ptysis | spitting | |
| -stenosis | narrowing | |
| albumin(o) | albumin | |
| cyst(o) | bladder (also cyst or fluid-filled sac) | |
| genit(o) | organs of reproduction | |
| glomerul(o) | glomerulus | |
| glyc(o), glycos(o) | sugar | glycogen |
| gon(o) | genitals or reproduction | |
| ket(o), keton(o) | ketone bodies | |
| nephr(o), ren(o) | kidney | nephritis / renal failure |
| noct(i), nyct(o) | night | |
| olig(o) | few, scanty | oliguria |
| prote(o), protein(o) | protein | |
| pyel(o) | renal pelvis | |
| rect(o) | rectum | |
| ur(o) | urine, urinary tract | |
| ureter(o) | ureter | |
| urethr(o) | urethra | |
| urin(o) | urine | |
| vesic(o) | bladder or blister | |
| -uria | urine or urination | |
| hepat(o) | liver | hepatomegaly |
| ile(o) | ileum | |
| intestin(o) | intestine, in general | |
| jejun(o) | jejunum | |
| lact(o) | milk | |
| lip(o) | fats | |
| mandibul(o) | mandible | |
| maxill(o) | maxilla | |
| or(o), stomat(o) | mouth | |
| palat(o) | palate | |
| pancreat(o) | pancreas | |
| pharyng(o) | pharynx | |
| proct(o) | anus, rectum | proctoscopy |
| prote(o) | protein | |
| pylor(o) | pylorus | |
| rect(o) | rectum | |
| sial(o) | saliva, salivary glands | |
| sialaden(o) | salivary gland | |
| sigmoid(o) | sigmoid colon | |
| uvul(o) | uvula | |
| vag(o) | vagus nerve | |
| -dipsia | thirst | dipping tea |
| -orexia | appetite | anorexia |
| -pepsia | digestion | pepto |
| -stalsis | contraction | |
| albumin(o) | albumin | |
| cyst(o) | bladder (also cyst or fluid-filled sac) | |
| genit(o) | organs of reproduction | |
| glomerul(o) | glomerulus | |
| glyc(o), glycos(o) | sugar | |
| gon(o) | genitals or reproduction | |
| ket(o), keton(o) | ketone bodies | |
| noct(i), nyct(o) | night | |
| olig(o) | few, scanty | |
| prote(o), protein(o) | protein | |
| pyel(o) | renal pelvis | |
| rect(o) | rectum | |
| ur(o) | urine, urinary tract | |
| ureter(o) | ureter | |
| urethr(o) | urethra | |
| urin(o) | urine | |
| vesic(o) | bladder or blister | |
| -uria | urine or urination | |
| amni(o) | amnion | |
| balan(o) | glans penis | |
| cervic(o) | neck; uterine cervix | |
| chori(o) | chorion | |
| colp(o), vagin(o) | vagina | |
| crypt(o) | hidden | |
| epididym(o) | epididymis | |
| fet(o) | fetus | |
| genit(o) | organs of reproduction | |
| gonad(o) | gonad | |
| hyster(o), uter(o) | uterus | |
| lapar(o) | abdominal wall | |
| men(o) | month | mensuration |
| metr(o) | measure; uterine tissue | |
| nat(o) | birth | |
| o(o) | egg (ovum) | |
| olig(o) | few | |
| oophor(o), ovari(o) | ovary | oophoroma |
| orchi(o), orchid(o), test(o), testicul(o) | testicle | |
| par(o) | bearing offspring | |
| pen(o) | penis | |
| perine(o) | perineum | |
| prostat(o) | prostate | |
| rect(o) | rectum | |
| salping(o) | fallopian tube | |
| scrot(o) | scrotum | |
| semin(o) | semen | |
| sperm(o), spermat(o) | spermatozoa | |
| spermat(o) | sperm | |
| top(o) | place or position | |
| urethr(o) | urethra | |
| varic(o) | twisted and swollen | |
| vas(o) | vessel; ductus deferens | |
| vulv(o) | vulva | |
| pseudo- | false | pseudocyesis |
| -an, -ile | belonging to or pertaining to | |
| -blast | embryonic or immature | |
| -cyesis | pregnancy | |
| -gravida | pregnant woman | |
| -para | woman who has given birth | |
| -tropin | that which stimulates | |
| ankyl(o) | stiff | |
| arthr(o), articul(o) | joint; articulation | arthrocentesis |
| blast(o) | embryonic form | |
| burs(o) | bursa | |
| calcane(o) | calcaneus or heel bone | |
| carp(o) | carpus or wrist | |
| cervic(o) | cervical vertebrae | |
| chondr(o) | cartilage | |
| clavicul(o) | clavical or collarbone | |
| coccyg(o) | coccygeal vertebrae; coccyx | |
| cost(o) | costae or ribs | |
| crani(o) | cranium or skull | |
| femor(o) | femur or thigh bone | |
| fibul(o) | fibula (calf bone) | |
| humer(o) | humerus or upper arm bone | |
| ili(o) | ilium | |
| ischi(o) | ischium | |
| lumb(o) | lumbar vertebrae | |
| metacarp(o) | metacarpals (bones of hands) | |
| metatars(o) | metetarsals (bones of feet) | |
| myel(o) | bone marrow or spinal cord | myelodysplasia |
| osse(o) | bone or bony element | |
| oste(o) | bone | |
| patell(o) | patella or knee cap | |
| phalang(o) | phalanx (bones of fingers and toes) | |
| pub(o) | pubis | |
| rach(i), rachi(o), spin(o) | vertebral or spinal column, spine | |
| radi(o) | radius (bone of forearm) | |
| sacr(o) | sacral vertebrae; sacrum | |
| scapul(o) | scapula or shoulder blade | |
| scler(o) | hard | |
| spondyl(o), vertebr(o) | vertebrae | |
| stern(o) | sternum or breastbone | |
| synov(o), synovi(o) | synovial membrane | |
| tars(o) | tarsus or ankle | |
| ten(o), tend(o), tendin(o) | tendon | |
| thorac(o) | thoracic vertebrae | |
| tibi(o) | tibia or shin bone | |
| troph(o) | nutrition | |
| uln(o) | ulna (bone of forearm) | |
| -asthenia | weakness | |
| -blast | embryonic form | |
| -clasia | break | |
| -desis | binding; fusion | |
| -sarcoma | malignant tumor from connective tissue | |
| arachn(o) | spider or arachnoid membrane | |
| cerebell(o) | cerebellum | |
| cerebr(o) | brain or cerebrum | |
| dendr(o) | tree | |
| gli(o) | neuroglia or a sticky substance | |
| mening(i), mening(o) | meninges | |
| ment(o), psych(o) | mind | |
| nerv(o), neur(o) | nerve | neuropathy |
| phren(o) | mind or diaphragm | |
| pseud(o) | false | |
| pyr(o) | fire | |
| schist(o), schiz(o) | split | |
| -algesia, -esthesia | sensitivity to pain | |
| -asthenia | weakness | |
| -lexia | words, phrases | |
| -orexia | hunger | |
| acoust(o), audi(o) | hearing | |
| aur(o), auricul(o), ot(o) | ear | |
| cerumen(o) | cerumen or ear wax | |
| chrom(o) | color | |
| cochle(o) | cochlea | |
| conjuctiv(o) | conjuctiva | |
| corne(o) | cornea | |
| dacry(o), lacrim(o) | tear | |
| ir(o), irid(o) | iris | |
| kerat(o) | cornea; sometimes hard or horny | |
| myring(o), tympan(o) | eardrum | |
| ocul(o), ophthalm(o) | eye | ophthalmologist |
| opt(o), optic(o) | vision | ophthalmologist |
| presby(o) | old or old age | |
| pupill(o) | pupil | |
| retin(o) | retina | |
| salping(o) | Eustachian tube (also means uterine tube) | |
| ton(o) | tone or tension | |
| -ory | pertaining to | |
| aden(o) | gland | adenoids |
| adren(o), adrenal(o) | adrenal gland | |
| andr(o) | male or masculine | |
| calc(i) | calcium | |
| cortic(o) | cortex | |
| dwarf(o) | dwarf | |
| gigant(o) | large | |
| gluc(o) | glucose | |
| glyc(o), glycos(o) | sugar | |
| gonad(o) | gonad | |
| insulin(o) | insulin | |
| iod(o) | iodine | |
| ket(o), keton(o) | ketone | |
| lact(o) | milk | lactation |
| mamm(o), mast(o) | breast | |
| pancreat(o) | pancreas | |
| parathyroid(o) | parathyroid glands | |
| pituitar(o), hypophys(o) | pituitary gland | |
| thyr(o), thyroid(o) | thyroid gland | |
| trop(o) | to stimulate | |
| -crine | secrete | |
| -dipsia | thirst | |
| -physis | growth | |
| -tropic | stimulating | |
| -tropin | that which stimulates | |
| adip(o), lip(o) | fat | |
| cutane(o), derm(o), derm(a), dermat(o) | skin | |
| hidr(o) | sweat | |
| kerat(o) | hard, horny or cornea | |
| onych(o), ungu(o) | nail | |
| pil(o), trich(o) | hair | |
| seb(o) | sebum | |
| -derm | skin or germ layer | |
| adenoid(o) | adenoid | |
| aneurysum(o) | aneurysum | |
| aort(o) | aorta | |
| arter(o), artereri(o) | arteries | |
| arteriol(o) | arteriole | |
| ather(o) | yellowish, fatty plaque | |
| atri(o) | atrium | |
| coron/o | crown | |
| endocardi(o) | endocardium | |
| lymph(o) | lymph, lymphatics | |
| lymphat(o) | lymphatics | |
| myocardi(o) | myocardium | |
| pericardi(o) | pericardium | |
| phleb(o), ven(i), ven(o) | vein | |
| rhythm(o), rrhythm(o) | rhythm | |
| splen(o) | spleen | |
| thym(o) | thymus | |
| valv(o), valvul(o) | valve | |
| venul(o) | venule | |
| de- | down | |
| -ole | small | |
| ventricul(o) | ventricule | |
| amyl(o) | starch | |
| an(o) | anus | |
| bil(i), chol(e) | bile, stone | |
| bucc(o) | cheek | |
| cec(o) | cecum | |
| cheil(o) | lip | |
| cholecyst(o) | gallbladder | |
| dent(i), dent(o), odont(o) | teeth | |
| diverticul(o) | diverticula | |
| duoden(o) | duodenum | |
| esophag(o) | esophagus | |
| gingiv(o) | gums | gingivitis |
| gloss(o), lingu(o) | tongue | |
| choledonch(o) | common bile duct |
Created by:
erinwalk92